This is the United States of America in the 21st century, not some oppressive patriarchal regime.

这是21世纪美国啊，不是某些压迫人政权。

So, in Britain, patrilineal surnames go down through the male line, down through the generations.

所以，在英国，姓氏是由男性代代相传。

AT FIRST glance the patriarchy appears to be thriving.

社会现在咋一看似乎正兴盛。

Hatshepsut had perhaps tried to adapt to this belief in the link between order and patriarchy through her titles.

哈特谢普苏特可能尝试过用她名称适应这种规则和社会紧密相连信仰。

They could work out ancestry through the male line with the nice, tripartite names such as Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus.

他们通过中好听三重名追溯祖先，如，Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus。

Along the patrilineal line, there is no upper limit, so the right goes back to 1861 and the creation of Italy.

沿着关，没有上限，这一权利可追溯到1861年以及意大利建国。

Most societies, however, are patrilineal, meaning that they trace kinship through the father.

然而，大多数社会是，也就是说，他们通过亲来追溯亲属关。

My father's side, both sides, the paternal and maternal side, were all singers.

我亲那边，还有母亲那边，和母都是歌手。

But this time, they're not just looking into the girl's paternal lineage.

但这次，他们不仅仅是在调查这个女孩血统。

So you have this overexpression of paternal genes.

因此，你看到基因过度表达。

Locale, a mill village according to the great paternal system of American industry.

Locale， 根据美国工业伟大制度， 一个磨坊村。

This particular gene is passed down through the male line.

【line】这一特定基因是通过遗传。

(Laughter) However, this 1.9 percent error rate in patrilineal connections is not unique to our data.

（笑声） 然而，关中 1. 9% 错误率并不是我们数据独有。

And law of property and inheritance is pretty keen on agnatic relationships, relationships in the male line.

而且财产和继承法非常重视关，即男性直血亲关。

Also, Angela wonders about the sustainability of using " son" at the end of a last name to denote patrilineage.

此外，Angela 想知道在姓氏末尾使用 “son” 来表示可持续性。

As far back as I have been able to ascertain, my ancestors on the paternal side were slaves in Rhode Island.

据我所知，我祖先是罗德岛奴隶。

The first half of the book is an overlong tour of theories of maternal and paternal contributions to heredity since the late nineteenth century.

这本书前半部分是对自 19 世纪末以来母和对遗传贡献理论超长漫游。

While patrilineal traditions, like passing on the father’s last name to children, persist, most families in industrial societies trace descent through both men and women.

虽然传统， 如将亲姓氏传给子女，仍然存在，但在工业社会中， 大多数家庭都是通过男性和女性来追溯血统。

When we see that and certainly when we see patrilocality, the opposite of that, where the men stay put, it tends to be associated with the inheritance of status.

当我们观察到这一点， 尤其是当我们看到与母社会相反社会现象，即男性留在原地时，这往往与地位继承相关联。

Some of these inequalities might be obvious, based on what we’ve talked about already – like patrilineal lines of descent that make it impossible for women to hold wealth or gain power.

一些这些不平等可能显而易见，基于我们之前讨论内容——比如世袭制度使得女性无法拥有财富或获得权力。