Vaccination campaigns have driven two viruses essentially to extinction since vaccines were invented in the 1800s: smallpox and rinderpest, which kills cattle.

自 1800 年代发明疫苗以来，疫苗接种运动已使两种病毒基：天花牛瘟，它会杀死牛。

The results says Dr. Prendergast suggests that FAF1b has a disproportionately large effect on cattle's ECF tolerance, He and his colleagues.

结果显示， 普伦德加斯特博士认为FAF1b基因对牛抵抗非洲牛瘟的能力有不成比例的巨大影响，他他的同事这样认为。

The close similarity of the measles virus to the rinderpest virus suggests that the latter transferred from cattle to humans and then evolved into the measles virus by changing its properties to adapt to us.

麻疹病毒与牛瘟病毒的密切相似性表明，后者从牛转移到人类，然后通过改变其特性以适应进化为麻疹病毒。

It dies Such a story is common in African countries where East Coast Fever or ECF is rampant ECF which is caused by protozoan parasites.

它死了 这样的故事在非洲国家很常见，这些地方非洲牛瘟（ECF）肆虐。非洲牛瘟是由原生动物寄生虫引起的。

For example, measles virus is most closely related to the virus causing rinderpest.

例如，麻疹病毒与引起牛瘟的病毒关系最为密切。

Just one of these to come to ECF In contrast 44 of 97 cows without the variant succumbed.

只需一个这样的变异就能使牛抵抗非洲牛瘟，相比之下，97头没有这种变异的牛中有44头死亡。

Our intimacy with cattle has been going on for the 9,000 years since we domesticated them—ample time for the rinderpest virus to discover us nearby.

自从驯化牛以来，与牛的亲密关系已经持续了 9000 年，这给牛瘟病毒在附近发现提供了充足的时间。