The center fleur-de-lis is for the ruling house of Bourbon.

中心的鸢尾花代表波旁王朝的统。

Nor did any single empire survive long within firm frontiers.

也没有一个王朝的统延续长久、有固定国。

After ruling England for so long, the reign of the Plantagenets had officially ended.

在长期统英格兰之后，金雀花王朝的统正式结束。

A separate political entity appeared in lower Egypt under the 13th dynasty, known as the Hyksos, a band of Semitic immigrants.

在第十三王朝的统下，下埃及出现了一个独立的政实体，被称为希克索斯人，一群闪米特移民。

Still, many in the empire were dissatisfied with Umayyad rule and questioned the dynasty's legitimacy.

尽管如此，帝国中仍有许多人对伍麦叶王朝的统不满，并质疑王朝的合法性。

Over the next thousand years, different ruling dynasties repaired, rebuilt, or expanded sections of the wall.

在后来的几千年，不同的统王朝修复、重建，或者是扩张了城墙的某些分。

The stones announce the power of this Viking Age dynasty, and they are among the earliest historical documents of Denmark.

这两块石头展现了维京时代的王朝统力量，同时也是丹麦最早的历史文献之一。

This started a really long and complicated war that basically established the Bourbon dynasty in Spain and also awkwardly gave Gibraltar to the British.

自此西班牙基本建立起波旁王朝的统，长期而复杂的战争也由此开始，直布罗陀也被尴尬地让给了英国。

In East Africa the coastal towns were reaching the height of their power. In the east, China prospered under a new dynasty.

在东非，沿海城镇正达到其权力的顶峰。在东方，中国在一个新王朝的统下繁荣昌盛。

While the Kim family dynasty, now in its third generation, seems almost immutable, the country that it rules over has altered dramatically.

已是第三代的金氏王朝统看似固若金汤，其下的是时过境迁。

In the process he brought stability to the empire and established a new dynasty which would rule  it for nearly three decades.

在此过程中，他给帝国带来了稳定，并建立了一个新的王朝，统了它近三十年。

They are inscribed with the names of rulers from the First and Second Dynasties of Egypt and made from different kinds of stone.

它们刻有埃及第一和第二王朝统者的名字，由不同种类的石头制成。

This, combined with a shrewd series of marriage alliances, saw the territory which the Habsburgs ruled directly expand to cover most of modern-day Austria.

再加上一系列精明的联姻，哈布斯堡王朝统的领土直接扩大到了当今奥地利的大分地区。

This final act united the houses of Lancaster and York through marriage and finally brought about an end to the Wars of the Roses and the start to the Tudor dynasty.

这最后一幕，使兰开斯特家族和约克家族通过婚姻结合在一起，并最终结束了玫瑰战争，开始了都铎王朝的统。

Under Abbasid rule, the elite enjoyed a lifestyle of luxury, thanks to extensive trade networks that brought both products and people from all over the known world to Baghdad.

在阿拔斯王朝的统下，精英们享受着奢侈的生活方式，这要归功于广泛的贸易网络​​将来自各地的产品和人员带到巴格达。

At the head of Gwanghwamun Square sits the gleaming statue of Sejong the Great, the 15th century Joseon-dynasty king whose reign oversaw a golden age of literature, science and technology.

英姿焕发的宗大王铜像 座落在光化门广场前，15 纪的李氏朝鲜王朝 在他的统下见证了文学，科学及科技的黄金年代。

By way of contrast, in Austria the state was governed by the head of the House of Habsburg as Holy Roman Emperor, Archduke of Austria and King of Hungary and Bohemia.

相比之下，在奥地利，国家由神圣罗马帝国皇帝、奥地利大公以及匈牙利和波西米亚国王哈布斯堡王朝的首脑统。

Maria was still the more senior of the pair, but Joseph played an active role in the governance of the Habsburg dominions for the last decade and a half of her life.

玛丽亚仍然是两人中资历较高的一个，但约瑟夫在她生命的最后十五年里在哈布斯堡王朝的统中发挥了积极的作用。

You see, across the 17th and 18th centuries, Bahrain, an island in the Persian Gulf right off of the Saudi Mainland had been ruled by various dynasties coming from Persia and Iran.

要知道，在 17 纪和 18 纪期间，巴林这个紧邻沙特大陆的波斯湾岛屿一直被来自波斯和伊朗的各个王朝所统。

So what this means is that long before the birth of democracy in ancient Greece, there were already well-organized cities on several of the world's continents which present no evidence for ruling dynasties.

所以这意味着，早在古希腊民主诞生之前，上几大洲就已经出现了组织良好的城市，这些城市没有王朝统的证据。