It's part of the DNA and RNA backbone that links individual nucleotides together, and it's also part of cellular signaling molecules like cyclic-adenosine monophosphate or cAMP.

是连接单个的DNA和RNA主干的一部分，也是细胞信号分子的一部分，如单磷环腺（cAMP）。

Because there's not just a few cAMPs in the cell.

因为在细胞中并不只有少的环磷腺。

How these loops and twists are arranged is what lets cells take billions of letters of code and turn it into life.

这些环和扭曲的排列方式使得细胞能够获取数十亿个代码字母并将其转化为生命。

It's basically a band, a ring made of lignin, you know, like woody material that gets impregnated into the cell walls.

上是一条带状结构，一个由木质素构成的环，也就是那种像木头一样的物质，会渗入细胞壁中。

There are going to be lots of cAMPs and lots of protein kinases in the cell.

细胞内将会产生大的环磷腺和蛋白激酶。

Messengers are going to spread throughout the cell and this is called cyclic AMP.

信使分子会扩散到整个细胞中，这一过程被称为环磷腺（cAMP）。