Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time.

他们方法不是为了试图估算特定区域海洋中实际动物总（活着生物总），而是研究单位面积中海洋生物变化。

So they consider things like the size of the population — how many members of one species there are in a particular place — and then they look at their distribution in geographical terms.

他们考虑是像族群规模（特定地区内某一生物有多少）这样因素，然后，他们便着眼于这些生物在地理上分布。

They are food for so many of the inhabitants here, and they're so numerous they really dominate the oceans around here.

它们是这里许多其它生物食物，它们如此之多，它们主宰了这片海洋。

And then it bottoms out and starts to get rich again.

“微生物降到低点，然后再次开始活跃起来。”

Also, the overall number of marine animals has gone down by about half since 1970.

另外，自1970年以来，海洋生物总体已经下降了近一半。

Human activity is the driver of the declines we're seeing, primarily our demand, our increasing demand for food, energy, water.

人类活动导致了当前生物减少，这主要是因为我们对食物、能和水资求日益上升。

These changes may increase pathogenic organisms or their activity causing a series of oral infectious diseases such as dental caries or periodontal diseases.

这些改变可能会增加致病微生物或提高其活性，从而导致诸如龋齿、牙周疾病等一系列口腔感染性疾病。

And they saw that there was an immediate decline in the number and diversity of gut microbes among the immigrants, compared to their counterparts still living back home.

他们发现，与生活在故乡时相比，这些移民在进入美国后，其肠道微生物和多样性立即下降。

" In the future, climate change is going to be the nail in the coffin for quite a lot of creatures which are already in much-reduced numbers, " says Dave Goulson, a University of Sussex ecologist.

苏塞克斯大学生态学家戴夫·古尔森说：“在未来，气候变化将成为相当多生物致命一击，这些生物已经大大减少了。”

Wang said that due to overfishing in the past, the number and diversity of marine life have been damaged, and the artificial reefs are playing a restorative role on the ecosystem.

王教授说，由于过去过度捕捞，海洋生物和多样性受到了损害，人工鱼礁正在对生态系统发挥恢复作用。

A major UN report is set to warn of a global ecological catastrophe calling for immediate action to reverse a dramatic decline across the natural world.

联合国一份重大报告提醒人们出现了全球生态灾难 呼吁人们立即行动起来 扭转全球自然生物骤降局面。

Sweden-based Innoscentia is developing a sensor that can show if meat is safe to eat by measuring the buildup of microbes inside its container.

总部位于瑞典Innoscentia公司正在开发一种传感器，该传感器可以通过测肉类容器中微生物积聚来判断肉类是否可以安全食用。

Researchers say these creatures will now reproduce in larger numbers than before because of the extra space created by the rubbish.

研究人员表示，由于垃圾产生额外空间，这些生物现在繁殖将比以前更多。

People who study science use this word to talk about the number of different kinds of living things on the earth.

研究科学人用这个词来谈论地球上不同种类生物。

Some scientists estimate that the mass of microbes living deep underground equals the mass of all the life at Earth's surface.

一些科学家估计生活在地下微生物，跟所有生存在地球表面生物差不多。

Insects make up the largest class of animals on earth and represent more than half of all known living organisms.

昆虫是地球上多一类动物，占所有已知生物一半以上。

Stool sample analysis revealed significant differences in the diversity and volume of microbes between the monks and their neighbours.

粪便样本分析显示，僧侣和他们邻居在微生物多样性和上存在显著差异。

But this still only explains why there's more life, not why there is more different kinds of life.

但这只能解释生物丰富，而不能解释物种多样。

The width of the bar in the number pyramids represents the number of organisms in that trophic level.

字金字塔中条形宽度代表该营养级中生物。

Although this is quite difficult when you're looking at fish, because they're so mobile, and then thirdly the calculate the rate at which the decline of the species is happening.

不过这一点在观察鱼类时候相当困难，因为它们流动性太大了。第三步是计算这种生物减少比率。