Once activated, the trigeminal nerve transmits pain signals.

一旦被激活，三叉神经会传递痛觉信号。

When you accidentally touch a hot stove or try to walk on a sprained ankle, special pain sensing nerves called nociceptors are triggered to send neuro messages up your spine and into your brain.

当你不小心触碰滚烫炉灶或试图用扭伤脚踝走路时，会触发痛觉神经，称为伤害感受器，以将神经信息发送到你脊椎并进入大脑。

Three things that you need for general anesthetic are you need amnesia so that they don't remember, analgesia so they have pain relief and then operating conditions for the surgeon.

记忆缺，这样就患者不会记住手术过程；痛觉缺，这样可以缓解他们疼痛；然后是外科医生所需工作条件。

For example, if you step on a lego, the pain would be carried by the S1 nerve, but if you hit your big toe on a table leg, the pain would be carried by the L5 nerve.

例如，当你到乐高玩具时，痛觉就会通过S1神经传导，但如果你拇趾撞到了桌子，痛觉是通过L5传导。

This ischemia is thought to trigger release of adenosine, bradykinin, and other molecules that stimulate nerve fibers in the myocardium that result in the sensation of pain.

心内膜下缺血被认为启动腺苷、缓激肽等分子释放，这些分子刺激心肌层神经末梢，导致痛觉产生。

This results in a loss of sensations like pain, temperature, touch, as well as paralysis or loss of muscle function in some parts of the body.

这会导致感觉丧（痛觉、温度觉、触觉）以及身体某些部位肌肉瘫痪或功能丧。

By then, researchers had already discovered that immune cells called macrophages probably contribute to endometriosis and that pain-sensing nerves are also involved.

那时，研究人员已经发现， 被称为巨噬细胞免疫细胞可能与子宫内膜异位症有关， 痛觉神经也参与其中。

And because your retinas don't have any pain receptors, your eyes have no way of warning you to stop.

而且因为你视网膜没有痛觉感受器，你眼睛无法警告你停下来。

Sense of touch and pain, do something totally different and it wasn't known how they do it.

触觉和痛觉作用是完全不同，我们不知道它们是如何作用。

Posture can even influence your emotional state and your sensitivity to pain.

姿势甚至可以影响你精神状态以及你对痛觉敏感度。

I've always wondered how does my sense of pain compare to other people's sense of pain.

我一直想知道我痛觉和别人痛觉相比如何。

Skin sensations like touch, temperature, pain and pressure are carried to the spinal cord and then to the brain where we register the sensations.

皮肤感觉，如触觉、温度觉、痛觉与压力觉等，由上述神经传递至脊髓，最后到大脑，使我们能感知到。

When the corticospinal tract is affected, a person will have problems with voluntary movement, and when the spinothalamic tract is damaged, a person will have problems sensing pain.

当皮质脊髓束受损时，患者会有随意运动障碍；当脊髓丘脑束受损时，患者会有痛觉丧。

During a migraine, this pain pathway becomes sensitized, meaning the threshold for provoking pain is lowered.

当偏头痛发作时，这个痛觉通路会变得敏感化，意思是能触发痛觉阈值下降了。

The lateral tract carries sensory information for pain, pressure and temperature, while the anterior tract carries information for crude touch, or the sense one has been touched, without being able to localize where they were touched.

脊髓丘脑侧束携带痛觉、压力觉和温度觉信息，2.脊髓丘脑前束携带粗触觉信息，即只是一种得知被触摸过，却无法定位被触摸部位感觉。

The result is paralysis and loss of proprioception on the same side as the injury or lesion, and loss of pain and temperature sensation on the opposite side of the lesion.

从而导致损伤或病变同侧瘫痪和本体感觉丧，和病变对侧痛觉和温度觉丧。

The lateral tract carries sensory information for pain and temperature, while the anterior tract carries information for pressure and crude touch or the sense one has been touched, but without being able to localize where they were touched.

侧束携带感觉信息痛觉和温度觉，前束携带感觉信息则压力觉和粗触觉，粗触觉指只感受到被触摸而无法定位触觉。

So, damage to the right spinothalamic tracts will cause loss of pain, temperature and crude touch sensation from the opposite or left side, beginning one or two segments below the lesion.

所以，右侧脊髓丘脑束损伤会导致左侧痛觉、温度觉以及粗触觉缺，在病变平面1或2个脊髓节段以下。

And we have a higher pain tolerance.

而且我们有更高痛觉阈值。

So we get hypersensitivity of our nociceptors, which is our pain receptors.

于是，我们伤害感受器——即痛觉感受器——变得过度敏感。