The market for second- hand 200mm tools, meanwhile, has been stripped bare.

同，二手市场生产200毫米片的机器早已断货。

The warning comes from ASML, the company makes lithography machines that etch circuits onto silicon wafers.

该警告来自ASML，该公司生产的光刻机将电路蚀刻在片。

Then sometime in the future, the DNA on that silicon chip can be translated back into digital information.

在未来的某个候，该片的DNA可以被转化为数字信息。

To manufacture these integrated circuits, the transistors are built up layer by layer, on a pure crystalline silicon wafer.

为了制造这些集成电路，晶体管需要在纯晶体片地组装起来。

Huge ripple effects are begin felt across tech, auto manufacturing and the global economy all from a tiny piece of silicon.

科技、汽车制造业和全球经济都能从小块片感受到巨大的连锁反应。

Here, oxygen gas reacts with the wafer to form a layer of silicon dioxide.

在这里，氧气与片反应形成二氧化。

Chip is a good word because it originally started as a slice of silicon.

片是个好词， 因为它最初是从片片开始的。

We start with a slice of silicon, which, like a thin cookie, is called a wafer.

我们从片片开始，它就像块薄饼干，被称为晶圆。

This CPU is manufactured on a 300-millimeter silicon wafer which can  fit 230 CPU chips.

该CPU制造在块300毫米的片，可容纳230个CPU片。

The plant in Gujarat, which will cost $11bn, is to employ 20,000 people and produce 50,000 silicon wafers a month.

该工厂位于古吉拉特邦， 投资额为 110 亿美元，将雇佣 20,000 名员工， 每月生产 50,000 片片。

Just remember: at the heart of each of those chips is one of these small pieces of silicon.

请记住：每个片的核心都是这些小片之。

Within  this microchip factory, silicon wafers travel from machine to machine and undergo around a  thousand processes over a 3-month period.

在这个微片工厂里，片在三个月的间里从台机器运送到另台机器，经过大约千道工序。

A piece of silicon containing a general-purpose CPU. The most common examples are Intel" s 80x86 and Motorola" s 680x0 families.

片包含通用CPU的片。常见的例子是：Intel80x86、Motorola 680x0系列。

Supported by the government, China leads in global energy transition, producing high-purity silicon and silicon wafers, driving the shift to renewable energy.

在政府支持下， 中国在全球能源转型中处于领先地位，生产高纯度和片， 推动向可再生能源的转变。

Its customers, including Apple and Google, are also ramping up their own chip design efforts, which could undermine its lucrative business for custom silicon.

其客户， 包括苹果和谷歌，也在加大自己的片设计力度，这可能会削弱其利润丰厚的定制片业务。

On the bottom is the silicon wafer, and the billions of transistors are implanted and built into and on top of the silicon.

底部是晶片，数十亿个晶体管被植入并构建在片之中和之。

And the cost of computing power continues to free fall, which is a good sign for any enterprise setting up shop in silicon.

而且，计算能力的成本持续下降，这对于任何在片开店的企业来说都是个好兆头。

Transistors have become this cheap because during the past 40 years engineers have learned to etch ever more of them on a single wafer of silicon.

晶体管之所以变得如此便宜， 是因为在过去40年里， 工程师们学会了在单个片蚀刻越来越多的晶体管。

So for example, in the middle of the summer, China introduced a tariff and slowing the export of certain materials and technology to make solar wafers.

例如， 在盛夏节，中国征收关税， 并减缓了某些用于制造太阳能片的材料和技术的出口。

And it's all been printed at such a microscopic level now that literally billions of features, different transistors are crammed onto each maybe one inch slice of silicon.

现在所有这些都是在如此微观的水平印刷的， 以至于数十亿个特征，不同的晶体管被​​塞进每个可能英寸的片。