A scan of the basal ganglia shows it's working furiously throughout the whole process.

对基底神经节的扫描显示，它在整个过程中都在疯狂地工作。

This enzyme normally breaks down a lipid called GM2 ganglioside.

HEX-A正常情况下能降解种叫做GM2神经节苷脂的脂质。

Another difference between these two foils? Their ganglia.

这两种“陪衬”的另个区别是它们的神经节。

But where these ganglia appear relate to their function, and which division of the autonomic system they're serving.

但是这些神经节出现的地方与它们的功能有关，以及它们服务于自主神经系统的哪个部门。

Or possibly even implanted electrodes that modulate activity in particular parts of the basal ganglia circuit.

或者甚至植入电极来调节基底神经节回路特定部分的活动。

Your body's internal clock, or circadian rhythm, is regulated by a type of neuron in your eyes called ganglion cells.

你体的生物钟或昼夜节律由眼睛中种称为神经节细胞的神经元调节。

Those signals flow all the way to their ganglia.

这些信流向他们的神经节。

In octopuses, around two-thirds of the neurons are actually found in the arms themselves, and these are localised into small brains called ganglia.

在章鱼身上，约有三分之二的神经元是在腕足上，这些神经元局部存在于被称为神经节的次大脑中。

They basically monitor our thoughts, sensations and actions and they determine which actions we should perform next.

基底神经节主要监控我们的思想、感觉和行为，并决定我们下步应该做什么。

Many insect activities, like walking or breathing, are coordinated by clusters of neurons, also known as ganglia, along their bodies.

许多昆虫活动，如行走或呼吸，都是由沿着它们身体的神经元簇（也称为神经节）协调的。

The researchers hypothesize that there may be some process in the scallop's ganglion that combines this information overload into a single cohesive image.

研究人员假设扇贝的神经节中可能有些过程将这种信息过载组成个单的凝聚力图像。

The ultimate goal is to come up with precisely targeted treatments like drugs that tweak the activity of the basal ganglia without inducing serious side effects.

最终的目标是找到精确的靶向治疗方法，比如可以在不引发严重副作用的情况下调整基底神经节活动的药物。

But instead of being centralized in the brain, these 500 million neurons are spread out in a network of interconnected ganglia organized into three basic structures.

但不同于中心化的大脑，这5亿神经元分散在互联的神经节网络中并组织成三种基本结构。

When the signals reach the synapses inside the ganglia, the nerve fibers then release a neurotransmitter — called acetylcholine, known to its friends as ACh.

当信到达神经节的突触时，神经纤维会释放种神经递质——乙酰胆碱，朋友们称之为 ACh。

Our brains can detect light through a photoreceptor in the ganglion cell layer of the retina, which is different from the rods and cones we use to see.

我们的大脑可以通过视网膜神经节细胞层中的光感受器检测光线，这与我们过去看到的视杆细胞和视锥细胞不同。

Guenther says he'd like to combine his model with imaging studies that show the basal ganglia in action to see whether his predicted mechanisms play a role in people who stutter.

冈瑟表示，他想把他的模型与显示基底神经节活动的成像研究结起来，看看他所预测的机制是否对口吃者起作用。

Their ganglia, for example, are located in different places: The sympathetic ganglia are located near the spinal cord, while on the parasympathetic side, they're close to the effectors.

例如，它们的神经节位于不同的位置：交感神经节位于脊髓附近，而副交感神经则靠近效应器。

Also though, within these layers are two plexuses, or networks of nerves, which are made up of ganglia —which are clusters of individual nerves, that help coordinate muscle contraction and relaxation.

此外，在这些层中有两个神经丛，由神经节组成；神经节由束状独立的神经纤维组成，帮助协调肌肉的收缩和舒张。

In addition to nerve fibers that lead to ganglia and then your effectors, there's also a set leaving the spinal cord that goes directly to your adrenal glands.

除了通向神经节和效应器的神经纤维，还有组离开脊髓接进入肾上腺。

That light hits your posterior retina and spreads from the photoreceptors to the bipolar cells just beneath them, to the innermost ganglion cells, where they then generate action potentials.

光线到达你的后视网膜，从光感受器扩散到它们下面的双极细胞，再扩散到最里面的神经节细胞，然后在那里它们产生动作电位。