The basin tectonic model: it is intermont basin during late Jurassic to early Cretaceous, developed into faulted-lacustrine basin in Eogene, and evolved into depression in Neogene and Quaternary.
The leathery, undeteriorative, and almost indestructible quality was an inherent attribute of the thing's form of organization, and pertained to some paleogean cycle of invertebrate evolution utterly beyond our powers of speculation.
But this thick layer of Iridium that separates the Cretaceous and Tertiary periods clearly was an anomaly and it had been deposited over a very short time.
In some books, too, you will find the tertiary and quaternary taken out and replaced by periods of different lengths called the Palaeogene and Neogene.
And, we would expect that, back in the Miocene, there were little pods of sperm whales, and we might also suppose that if they came under attack they might try to help defend each other.
Hence, we can understand how it is that the flora of Madeira, according to Oswald Heer, resembles to a certain extent the extinct tertiary flora of Europe.
In some books, too, you will find the tertiary and quaternary taken out and replaced by periods of different lengths, called the Paleogene and Neogene.
To be precise, we will be going back 66 million years ago to an event known as The Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, which is also known as the Cretaceous–Tertiary or K–T extinction.
Why this should be so we do not know; nor why the later tertiary periods should have been much more favourable for their existence than the present time.