Dr Hazen has already demonstrated, in a paper published in 2011, that parts of the microbiome can promote atherosclerosis.

Hazen博士在2011年发表一篇文章已经证实，某些肠道细菌有助于引起动脉粥样硬化。

Oral bacteria can also contribute to inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis or pneumonia.

口腔细菌还能导致炎症性，例如动脉粥样硬化或肺炎。

These include Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative disorders, cardiac arrhythmias, metastatic uterine cancer, strokes and atherosclerosis, the furring of the arteries that can lead to a heart attack.

些包括阿尔茨海默症和其他神经退行性、心律失常、转移性子宫癌、中风和动脉粥样硬化等，动脉淤积还可能引发心脏类。

Inflammation has been linked to a host of other diseases, such as heart disease and atherosclerosis — where fat deposits inside the blood vessels restrict blood flow to that area—diabetes, and even aging.

炎症与许多其他有关，如心脏和动脉粥样硬化（血内脂肪沉积限制了该区域血液流动）、糖尿，甚至衰老。

Two things of which, when consumed chronically or in excess, has been connected to health diseases such as atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes.

两种物质，如果长期或过量食用，就会有患动脉粥样硬化和2型糖尿等健康风险。

Researchers said they found evidence of atherosclerosis in about 30 percent of those who had the CT scan.

研究人员表示，在接受CT扫描受试者中，约30％人出现动脉粥样硬化现象。

Ischemic heart disease caused by coronary artery atherosclerosis, or plaque buildup, is the most common cause.

由冠状动脉粥样硬化或血小板积聚引起缺血性心脏变是左心衰最常见因。

For example, anything that limits the blood flow to the kidneys, or the renal blood flow, can cause hypertension, as well as things like atherosclerosis, vasculitis, or aortic dissection.

例如，任何阻止血流经过肾脏或者限制肾血流量因素，都可以导致高血压以及斑块粥样硬化、血炎、主动脉夹层。

Dr Hazen thinks that when it is metabolised by gut bacteria, a chain of events begins that results in atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries).

Hazen博士认为，它被肠道细菌代谢时，一系列事件相继发生，最终导致动脉粥样硬化。

Researchers used the CT images to learn if any of the subjects had atherosclerosis before the study began.

研究人员可根据CT图像判断受试者此前是否患有动脉粥样硬化。

In that paper he showed that choline, a molecule found in eggs and meat, is digested by some gut bacteria to produce trimethylamine, which is then processed in the liver to create trimethylamine N-oxide, or TMAO—a substance that encourages atherosclerosis.

在那篇文章中，他说胆碱（一种存在于蛋和肉类中分子）被某些肠道细菌消化生成三甲胺，然后三甲胺在肝脏中转化为氧化三甲胺（TMAO），是一种有助于引发动脉粥样硬化物质。

Unstable angina is usually caused by rupture of atherosclerotic plaque with thrombosis, meaning a blood clot forms on top of a mound of plaque.

不稳定型心绞痛通常由于动脉粥样硬化伴血栓破裂，即血栓在斑块表面形成。

Experiments in mice confirmed the broader hypothesis: TMAO production relies on microbes that digest carnitine, and prolonged consumption of that chemical by susceptible mice leads to atherosclerosis.

对老鼠进行实验证实了进一步猜想：产生TMAO需要能消化左旋肉碱细菌参与，易患老鼠如果长期食用左旋肉碱会导致动脉粥样硬化。

Now a third type of angina is vasospastic angina, also known as Prinzmetal angina, and patients may or may not also have atherosclerosis.

第三种心绞痛是血痉挛型心绞痛（变异型心绞痛），患者可能有或无动脉粥样硬化。

In the majority of cases, the underlying cause of stable angina is atherosclerosis of one or more the coronary arteries—arteries supplying blood to the heart muscles.

大多数情况下，稳定型心绞痛根本原因是一至多个冠状动脉（供应心肌动脉）发生粥样硬化。

The net effect is both are equally atherogenic in the end.

净效应是两者最终都具有相同致动脉粥样硬化性。

Because men are getting more heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, other disorders.

因为男性患心脏、糖尿、高血压、动脉粥样硬化等比例在增加。

In a study in mice published in 2021, Lars Bode at the University of California, San Diego, and his colleagues reported that one HMO reduced the development of atherosclerosis, the blockage of arteries that leads to heart attack and stroke.

加州大学圣地亚哥分校 Lars Bode 和他同事在 2021 年发表一项小鼠研究中报告称，一种 HMO 减少了动脉粥样硬化（导致心脏发作和中风动脉阻塞）发展。

Dysbiosis, as this is known, is at least associated with and in many cases probably helps cause obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, some liver diseases, various cancers, autism, Parkinson's disease, and depression.

菌群失调，正如人们所知，至少与肥胖、糖尿、高血压、动脉粥样硬化、哮喘、炎症性肠、某些肝、各种癌症、自闭症、帕金森和抑郁症有关，在许多情况下可能还会导致些发生。

But dementia is a very difficult risk to manage because there's fewer things we understand about the causal pathways to get there than we do ASCVD.

但痴呆症是一种非常难以理风险，因为目前我们对导致痴呆因果路径了解，远少于对动脉粥样硬化性心血（ASCVD）了解。