Glycation is a process where sugar in the bloodstream mucks onto proteins, creating something called advanced glycation end products or AGEs for short.

糖化，糖黏在蛋白质，过程我们称为糖化终产物（AGEs）。

That's not going to help in our mashing procedure.

对我们的糖化过程没有帮助。

But the glucose still needs to go somewhere because if it sits in the bloodstream, it will bind to proteins in a damaging process called glycation.

但，糖还要有地方去放。如果糖在管待太久，它将与蛋白质结（糖化）。

Where these things become a real problem is in diabetics who have trouble controlling their blood sugar, and end up with a large amount of AGEs.

个问题会发生在糖控制有困难的糖尿病患者身，他们的糖过高，有过多的糖化终产物。

The same thing happens to your skin over time: proteins in your bloodstream get sugar stuck on them and the resulting AGEs damage your skin internally, creating age spots.

个过程也同样可以在你体内发生：糖粘在蛋白质，糖化终产物会伤害你，并从内部长出黑斑。

This proportion of glycated hemoglobin doesn't change day to day, so it gives a sense for whether the blood glucose levels have been high over the past 2 to 3 months.

糖化红蛋白的比例不会每天变化，所以它可以说明糖水平否已经持续走高2-3个月。

In December Adnams, a Suffolk brewer, will bottle whisky that has been sitting in casks for three years—the time it takes for the European Union to recognise fermented cereal mash as whisky.

在11月，萨福克的啤酒制造商亚当那姆斯将对储存在木桶有三年之久的威士忌进行瓶装，三年正等待欧盟认可糖化发酵谷物为威士忌的过程。

So that brings us to another type of test that can be done which is the HbA1c test, which tests for the proportion of hemoglobin in red blood cells that has glucose stuck to it - called glycated hemoglobin.

所以另一可行的检测HbA1c测试，来测验红细胞中被葡萄糖黏着的红蛋白比例；红蛋白也叫作糖化红蛋白。