When he examined their spectra, he saw that almost all of them were highly redshifted.

他检查它们光谱时，他发现几乎所有原子都有高度红移。

And red shift was the key to the next vital stage in mapping the universe.

红移效应是绘制宇宙地图下一步骤关键。

The event horizon of a black hole is that point beyond which we can never receive information because light from that point is redshifted into oblivion.

黑洞事件视界就是我们永无法接收信息点，因为来自该点光会发生红移，直至消失。

There is also the problem that access to telescopes is always at a premium and historically measuring red shifts has been notably costly in telescope time.

使用文望镜总是代价很高，在历史上，测量红移要长时间使用文望镜，令人注目地花钱很多。

They are shifted all the way into the infrared, so we're only really able to observe those galaxies by looking infrared.

红移结果是进入红外线，所以只能通过红外线来观测这些星系。

And as distant stars move further away from us, the wavelength of their light increases and shifts towards red.

恒星离我们越来越时，它们光波波长逐渐增加，并发会生红移现象。

They're light because of the effects of cosmological red shift.

他们质量很轻，这是因为宇宙红移影响。

Interpreting redshift is the cornerstone of the quest to pin down the fate of the universe.

解释红移是确定宇宙命运基石。

This red shift effect is the mapmaker's vital tool for measuring distance.

这种红移效应是地图制作者测量距离重要工具。

Clearer pictures of the universe that have only been possible in recent years have led cosmologists to conclude that the redshift of distant galaxies is greater than previously predicted.

近年来对宇宙更清晰图像才成为可能，这使得宇宙学家得出结论：星系红移比之前预测要大。

It was as if the predictions based on the redshifts were underestimating the distances to the exploding stars.

似乎基于红移预测低估了到爆炸恒星距离。

When they compared distances to the redshifts Slipher observed, they found that the farther away the galaxy was, the faster it was moving away from us.

他们将距离与斯莱弗观察到红移进行比较时，他们发现星系离我们越，离我们速度就越快。

This is very similar to the Doppler redshift I've talked about in earlier episodes, and is called a gravitational redshift.

这和我之前讲过多普勒红移非常相似，被称为引力红移。

Remember, redshift stretches the wavelength of light.

记住，红移延伸了光波长。

We now know it to be true for every distant galaxy we observe: they are all redshifted, all heading away from us.

我们现在知道，对于我们观察到每一星系来说，这都是真：它们都是红移，都在离我们。

Those photons have been traveling ever since, fighting the expansion of the Universe, redshifting into the microwave part of the spectrum, and seen today all over the sky.

从时起，这些光子就一直在运动，与宇宙膨胀作斗争，红移到光谱微波部分，今我们在空中随处可见。

Out away from earth you drift, This is known from your redshift.

你离地球漂流， 这是从你红移中得知。

And so this is an example of that red shift that Hubble saw.

这就是哈勃观察到红移一例子。

So you need a big telescope operating in the infrared like JWST in order to see those very first galaxies, the ones which are moving so fast away from us, that all of their light is redshifted into the infrared.

所以你需要像 JWST 这样大型红外望镜才能看到些最早星系，这些星系正在快速离我们，以至于它们所有光都被红移到红外线。

In the case of light, therefore, this means that stars moving away from us will have their spectra shifted toward the red end of the spectrum (red-shifted) and those moving toward us will have their spectra blue-shifted.

因此，就光而言，这意味着离我们恒星光谱将向光谱红端移动（红移），而向我们移动恒星光谱将发生蓝移。