These outpouchings are called alveoli, and there are about 500 million of them within the lungs.

这些突起称为，部大约有5亿个。

This allows air to be drawn in, inflating the alveoli — millions of small sacs inside our lungs.

于是空气被吸进来，充满——是我们部成千上万小囊。

The body also tries to force the fluid out of the alveoli through coughing.

身体也试图通过咳嗽，使那些液体脱离。

As alveoli are responsible for gas exchange, this is not good news.

由于负责气体交换，这可不是好消息。

At the end of each branch is a tiny air sac called an alveolus.

每个分支末端都有一个叫做小气囊。

Emphysema is when the tiny structures in your lungs called alveoli, break down.

气肿是指中被称为微小结构破裂。

This makes the walls look thicker, like white lines against the hazy, ground glass background.

壁增厚，像一条条白线将模糊磨玻璃影分裂开。

Initially, doctors had no way to alter the stretchability or squeeziness of their patients' air sacs.

最初，医生没有办法改变病人拉伸性或挤压力度。

And pneumonia, often triggered by bacterial or viral infections, attacks the alveoli themselves.

炎——常常由细菌或病毒感染引发——会攻击本身。

Free from particles, the inhaled air is now in the alveolus surrounded by mostly type I pneumocytes.

移出异物后，中空气周围围绕大多是I型细胞。

Pneumonia is an infection of the alveoli that causes them to fill with fluid.

炎是一种感染，会导致充满液体。

That problem happens deep in the lungs, in tiny air sacs called alveoli, which exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen.

这个问题出现部深处，叫做微小气囊中，是将二氧化碳转化为氧气部位。

They represent tiny air-sacs or alveoli getting filled with fluid, and turning a shade of grey on CT scans.

这代表着中充满了液体，从而CT显像中呈现灰色阴影。

When the lungs are affected, the toxins damage the alveolar-capillary membranes, which can result in bleeding within the alveoli.

部受累时，细菌毒素会破坏毛细血管内膜，从而导致内出血。

It has the ability to stop phagolysosomal fusion, and survive and replicate inside alveolar macrophages.

它可以阻止吞噬体和溶酶体融合，从而巨噬细胞内生存并增殖。

If enough fluid fills some of these capillaries in the lungs, they can rupture, leaking blood into the alveoli.

一旦足量积液充斥着部毛细血管，可能会出现破溃，血液渗出进入。

And if there's one thing your body hates, it's a bunch of exotic material spicing up your sensitive alveoli!

如果有你身体讨厌东西进来话，就是一堆有毒东西让你激动起来了！

In healthy babies, the alveoli are like perfectly inflated mini-balloons.

健康宝宝体内，就像一个个充满了气微型气球一样。

The immune system releases additional white blood cells in the alveoli to help.

免疫系统也会中释放出更多白血细胞去帮忙。

They represent tiny air-sacs or alveoli getting filled with fluid, and turning a shade of grey on a CT scan.

这代表着中充满液体，从而CT显像中呈现灰色阴影。