Hemoglobin is actually made up of four peptide chains, each bound to a heme group.

血红蛋白实际上是由四条成，其中每条均与亚铁血红素结合。

And eventually, the polypeptide chain will form into the protein.

终，多将形成蛋白质。

Different hemoglobins have different combinations of these chains.

不同的血红蛋白是的不同组合。

The polypeptide chain is formed, and will eventually fold into the required protein.

多形成，终会折叠成所需的蛋白质。

Similarly, there are peptidases which break down peptide chains into single amino acids.

与糖类的吸收情况类似，酶也能将分成单个的氨基酸分子。

There's also pancreatic amylase which breaks down carbohydrates into shorter oligosaccharides, and proteases, like trypsin, which cleaves proteins down into smaller peptides.

另外还有胰淀粉酶，可将碳水化合物分分子的寡糖；再者还有蛋白酶，如胰蛋白酶，可将蛋白质分成分子。

The ribosome then sticks amino acids together to make a polypeptide chain, following the order of amino acids as coded for, by the mRNA.

然后核糖体将氨基酸粘在一起，形成多，遵循 mRNA 编码的氨基酸顺序。

These zymogens are normally activated by proteases which cleave off a polypeptide chain, which is kind of like pulling the pin on a grenade.

这些酶原通过蛋白酶被激活，蛋白酶会将一条多切去，这有点像拉手榴弹的保险栓。

Hemoglobin A (or HbA) - made up of two alpha-globin and two beta-globin peptide chains - is the primary hemoglobin affected in sickle cell.

血红蛋白A（HbA）由两条α-及两条β-珠蛋白成，是镰贫中主要被影响的血红蛋白。

What happens here is that the starches on the surface of the dough instantly gelatinize and break proteins down into small peptide chains.

这里发生的是面团表面的淀粉立即糊化并将蛋白质分成。

This means that their RNA is actually mRNA, and the host cell ribosomes use this mRNA to make a long polyprotein chain, which is then broken into smaller pieces by viral proteases.

这意味着它们的RNA其实就是信使RNA；宿主细胞中的核糖体可以用这些信使RNA制造一条长多，随后被病毒蛋白酶分成片段。