Insulin is used to reduce blood glucose levels, and glucagon is used to increase blood glucose levels.

胰岛素用来降低血糖水平，而胰高血糖素用来提高血糖水平。

The FDA has also recently approved intranasal glucagon as a treatment for severe hypoglycemia.

美国食品药品监督管局最近也批准了胰高血糖素鼻粉剂。

Both drugs belong to a class of medicines called GLP-1 receptor agonists.

这两种药物都属于一类被称为胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂的药物。

So when you eat food, your pancreas produces a hormone called GLP-1.

当你吃东西时，胰腺会产生叫作“GLP-1（胰高血糖素样肽-1）”的激素。

And the pancreas regulates your blood sugar by releasing two different hormones — insulin and glucagon.

胰腺通过释放两种不同的激素来调节你的血糖——胰岛素和胰高血糖素。

A decrease in glucose stimulates alpha cells in the pancreas to release insulin's nemesis, the hormone glucagon.

葡萄糖的减少刺激胰腺中的α细胞释放胰岛素的克星——荷尔蒙胰高血糖素。

In states of stress, like an infection, the body releases epinephrine, which in turn stimulates the release of glucagon.

在压力状态下，比如发生感染时，身体会产生肾上腺素，从而刺激胰高血糖素的释放。

Alright, as a quick recap, your pancreas produces both hormones for the endocrine system and digestive enzymes for the exocrine system.

好！快速回顾下：胰腺产生系统所需的2种激素胰岛素和胰高血糖素，以及外系统所需的消化酶。

DPP4 can degrade the host's glucagon and contribute to compromising glucose homeostasis, as indicated in the study published in Science on August 4.

8 4 日发表在《科学》杂志上的研究表明，DPP4 可以降解宿主的胰高血糖素，并有助于损害葡萄糖稳态。

And so we use two different hormones, insulin and glucagon to do that.

因此，我们利用两种不同的激素——胰岛素和胰高血糖素来实现这一目标。

Glucagon facilitates that process through increases in GLP-1.

胰高血糖素通过增加GLP-1来促进这一过程。

I can't help but ask about ozempic, Munjaro, and GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide.

我忍不住要问关于奥兹匹克、慕南佳罗和GLP-1、类似胰高血糖素的肽的问题。

What are your thoughts on the GLP-1 analogs, Ozempic, Monjaro?

你对胰高血糖素样肽-1类似物，如奥兹匹克和蒙贾罗有什么看法？

So I mean, they've got another oral GLP-1 in their pipeline.

我的意思是，他们还有另一种口服的胰高血糖素样肽-1药物在研发管线中。

I appreciate over time you become much more supportive about peptides, about GLP-1.

随着时间的推移，我非常感激你对肽类和GLP-1（胰高血糖素样肽-1）的支持态度变得更加积极了。

So you're already working with a peptide, a GLP-1.

所以你已经在使用一种肽，即GLP-1（胰高血糖素样肽-1）。

Kind of reminds me of Bayetta and Vidurian, kind of the two old school GLP-1s.

这让我想起了贝耶塔和维杜里安，它们可以说是两种老派的胰高血糖素样肽-1药物。

Weight loss medications are also known as glucagon-like peptide 1 drugs or GLP-1 drugs  for short.

减肥药物也被称为胰高血糖素样肽-1类药物，简称GLP-1类药物。

It  was the first-ever GLP-1 drug - the grandfather of this new class of weight-loss drugs.

它是首款胰高血糖素样肽-1类药物，是这一新型减肥药物家族的鼻祖。

And my study of the brain led me to Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, or GLP-1 for short.

我对大脑的研究让我关注到了胰高血糖素样肽-1，简称GLP-1。