Vertebrates are animals with backbones and bones inside their bodies. The bones help to support their bodies.

椎动物是身体里边有椎骨头的动物。这些骨头来帮助支撑他们的身体。

The individual units resemble vertebrae in the human spine.

每个单独的单位类似于人类椎的椎骨。

Babies' spines just have one curve like a " c."

婴儿的椎只有一个弧度，就像字母C一样。

Joints, muscles and ligaments that are attached to the bones hold it all together.

附着于椎骨的关节、韧带，把它包覆在一起的。

And I'm reviewing my knowledge of invertebrate zoology.

我还在回想有关无椎动物学的知识。

And he says that the octopus has a nervous system that is comparable to vertebrates.

他还说章鱼拥有能够跟椎动物相当的神。

The spine is sort of this natural S shape, a very like subtle S-shaped curve.

椎是一种自然的 S 形，非常微妙的 S 形曲线。

In fact Ricky wants to work with other people that have injuries to their backbones.

事实上，瑞奇想帮助其他椎受伤的人。

The first animals to develop a backbone were fishes.

第一种进化出椎的动物是鱼类。

So the five inches of spine that is bruised. - Right in here.

这五英寸的椎有淤青。- 就在这里。

Your head, your spine, everything else wants to keep going in a straight line.

而你的头，你的椎，所有的东西则都要想要继续走直线。

Cephalopods may have evolved complex brains long before our vertebrate relatives.

头足类或许比我们的椎动物近亲更早演化出复杂的脑部。

So, severing their abductor muscle is almost like, severing you spine. Yikes!

所以，切断他们的展就像切断你的椎一样。呀，好可怕！

A worm doing the backstroke might be the reason your spine runs down your back.

那只做仰泳的蠕虫可能就是为什么你的椎沿着背部往下的原因。

My spine was chipped in eight places. Four ribs were broken.

我的椎有八处碎裂。断了四根肋骨。

Which of these sea creatures is the largest invertebrate on Earth?

以下哪种海洋生物是地球上最大的无椎动物？

It's the world's largest invertebrate, which is an animal with no backbone.

它是世界上最大的无椎动物，也就是没有椎的动物。

Invertebrates like snapping shrimp, fish and marine mammals all use sound.

诸如虾之类的无椎动物、 鱼类，以及海洋哺乳动物都使用声音。

But Bajadasaurus spine's made of the same keratin material as our horned animals of today.

但是巴雅达龙的椎我们今天的角化动物是由同样的角蛋白材料制成的。

It's the longest stretch of your spinal column that is shown.

它是椎最长的部分。