This is the section of the brain stem of Einstein.

这是爱因斯坦脑干的切片。

They also hit receptors in the brain stem that slow down breathing.

它们还会到达脑干中的受体，缓呼吸。

Meanwhile, signals are sent to the brainstem and thalamus, and when these decide the right moment has come, they allow the external anal sphincter to relax - and feces goes, hopefully, into the toilet bowl.

直肠发出的信号同时也发送到了脑干和丘脑；当它们认定“时机成熟”时，便会下达指令使肛门外括约肌松弛；粪便就能——不出意外的话——顺利排入马桶。

They say that the brainstem is what generates crucial feedback that the people experience as a feeling that they did enough action and this satisfies them to where they stop feeling anxious.

他们认为脑干是产生反馈的关键，使人们能够知道自己做了足够的行动，这会让人们感到满足，并且停止焦虑。

In total this process involves your external ear, middle ear, inner ear, brainstem and brain.

总的来说，这个过程涉及你的外耳、中耳、内耳、脑干和脑。

But of the three brainstem parts, it's your midbrain that carries out the higher-level functions.

但是在脑干的三个部分中，是你的中脑执行更高级别的功能。

She has a tumor on her, uh...brain stem, right?

她有一个肿瘤在...脑干，对吧？

Research has identified a specific network of neurons in the brain stem called the pre-Botzinger complex that regulates breathing and communicates with other parts of the brain.

研究已经确定了脑干中一个被称为“前包钦格复合体区”的特殊神经元网络，它控制着呼吸并与脑的其他部分进行交流。

EEG machines monitoring people during these stages, have shown electrical impulses moving between the brainstem, hippocampus, thalamus, and cortex, which serve as relay stations of memory formation.

脑电图监测结果显示在这些阶段，电脉冲在脑干、海马体、 丘脑和脑皮动，这些都是记忆形成的中转站。

Unconscious reflexes in the brain stem; the synchronization of rhythm to some internal cadence, such as a heartbeat; conditioned responses to particular sounds; triggered memories; emotional contagion; a reflective evaluation of the music -- all seem to play some role.

脑干的无意识反射，音乐节奏与身体内部节奏（如心跳）的同步，对特定声音的条件性反应，音乐所触发的记忆，情绪的感染性，对音乐的反思性评估--所有这些似乎都起到了一定的作用。

When you get a break, cut or burn, the nerves in your skin send signals up through your spinal cord to the brain stem and then into the brain.

当你骨折、割伤或烧伤时，皮肤中的神经会发送信号通过脊髓到达脑干，然后进入脑。

It's not exactly this way, but just for reference, there's the ancient part that has all your motor functions and breathing and brain stem and spinal column.

并不完全是这样，但只是作为参考，有一个古老的部分，控制你所有的运动功能、呼吸、脑干和脊柱。

Your motor cortex is jumping all over the place, but your brainstem is blocking those messages, leaving your muscles so relaxed that you're basically paralyzed.

你的运动皮质非常活跃，但脑干却阻碍这些信息，使你的肌肉放松，你几乎不能动。

This helped connect their symptoms to a neurotransmitter called glycine because we have a higher concentration of glycine receptors in the brainstem and spinal cord.

这有助于将他们的症状与一种叫做甘氨酸的神经递质联系起来，因为脑干和脊髓中甘氨酸受体的浓度更高。

Oh, I'm gonna be doing some brain stem histology while you put yourself on the business end of a sponge and wash those beakers.

我要做些脑干组织研究，你就去用海绵，帮我洗洗烧杯吧。

As a result, the body does not produce enough of the protein required for maintaining motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem.

其结果是，身体无法产生足够的蛋白质来维持脊髓和脑干中的运动神经元。

In other words, the exanthem starts at the head (or cephalo), and spreads to the extremities or ends of the body (or caudal).

换言之，疹开始于脑干（或头颅）并扩散到肢体或身体末端。

These types of respiratory attempts originate from lower brainstem neurons as higher, more complex neurons become increasingly hypoxic which means they're lacking oxygen.

这些类型的呼吸尝试起源于较低的脑干神经元，接着较高、更复杂的神经元越来越缺氧。

Now, the RAS is basically a bundle of nerves at the base of your brain stem that acts as a filter.

网状激活系统 （RAS） 基本上是你脑干底部的一束神经，它起到过滤器的作用。

This is particularly dangerous because the displaced cerebellum can push onto the brainstem affect neurons responsible for breathing and cardiac function.

这种情况尤其危险，因为疝出的小脑会挤压脑干，影响负责呼吸和心脏功能的神经元。