Adenine will always bind with thymine and cytosine with guanine.

腺嘌呤总是与胸腺嘧啶结合，胞嘧啶与鸟嘌呤结合。

This attaches methyl groups (a carbon atom and three hydrogens) to either adenine or cytosine, two of the four chemical bases that form the alphabet of DNA, depending on the gene involved.

该作用可以让甲基（由一个碳原子和三个氢原子组成）附着于腺嘌呤或胞嘧啶上——组成DNA序列的四种主化学成分中的两种，到底附着的是哪种取决于涉及到的基因种类。

Never in your life will you have to remind a cell to keep an eye on its adenosine triphosphate levels or to find a place for the extra squirt of folic acid that's just unexpectedly turned up.

在你的一生中，你永远没有必要提醒任何一个细胞，要随时注意其腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸盐的情况，或是找到存放间出现的多余叶酸的地方。

Nucleotides of DNA are made out of a sugar deoxyribose, a phosphate, and one of the four nuclear bases: adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine or A, C, G, T for short.

DNA的核苷酸由脱氧核糖、磷酸以及四个核碱基之一组成，分别是腺嘌呤、胞嘧啶、鸟嘌呤与胸腺嘧啶，或称A、C、G、T。

The series of reactions that generate more ATP in muscles do produce extra protons, which lowers the pH in your muscles.

肌肉中形成更多腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸的系列反应确实产生了额外的质子，这会降低肌肉中的酸碱值。

But for the remaining .1%, one person might have an adenine where another person has a guanine.

但对于剩下的0.1%，一个人可能有腺嘌呤而另一个人有鸟嘌呤。

That “form” is called ATP, if you're familiar with that.

如果你熟悉这种形式的话，的名字叫做 ATP（腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸）。

Nucleotides of DNA are made up of a sugar - deoxyribose, a phosphate, and one of the four nucleobases - adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine - or A, C, G, T for short.

DNA的核苷酸由一分子单糖-脱氧核糖、一分子磷酸与四种核碱基之一的腺嘌呤（A）、胞嘧啶（C）、鸟嘌呤（G）或胸腺嘧啶（T）组成。

It was known that DNA had four chemical components - called adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thiamine - and that these paired up in particular ways.

当时已经知道，DNA含有4种化学成分——腺嘌呤、鸟嘌呤、胞嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶——这4种成分总是以特殊的配对方式排列。

The Nitrogenous bases are of four different types: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine.

含氮碱基有四种同的类型：腺嘌呤、鸟嘌呤、胞嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶。

So the caffeine doesn't even need to compete with the adenosine to fit into those receptors.

所以咖啡因用和腺嘌呤核苷竞争受体。

Then it starts to make more, using a bunch of different chemical reactions.

后身体利用很多同的化学反应开始制造更多的腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸。

The bases - the letters of the genetic alphabet - consist of the four nucleotides mentioned a page or two back: adenine, thiamine, guanine, and cytosine.

碱基——基因子母表中的字母——由前面我们提到的腺嘌呤、鸟嘌呤、胞嘧吟和胸腺嘧啶4种核苷酸组成。

So there's a molecule inside your brain called adenosine and it plugs into little receptors inside your brain and makes you feel tired.

大脑中有一个分子叫做腺嘌呤核苷，这个质会和大脑里的受体结合，让人困意绵绵。

When you exercise, your body uses up its main source of energy, ATP, within a few seconds.

当你锻炼的时候，你的身体在几秒钟内便耗尽了其能量的主要来源，即腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸。

Guanine always pairs with cytosine and adenine always pairs with thymine.

鸟嘌呤总是与胞嘧啶配对，腺嘌呤总是与胸腺嘧啶配对。

We're storing energy as N-A-D-H NADH and F-A-D-H-2 or FADH2.

我们将能量储存为NADH（烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸）和FADH2（黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸）。

NAD, short for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, is a coenzyme that occurs naturally in human cells.

NAD， 即烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸的缩写，是一种天存在于人体细胞中的辅酶。

So you want to provide something that is going to increase NAD.

因此，你希望提供一种能够增加NAD（烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸）水平的东西。

So again, you might have a slight dose issue, but at the end of the day, you're giving NR, NR is freely taken up into cells, it turns into NAD.

因此，尽管可能存在轻微的剂量问题，但归根结底， 你提供的是NR（烟酰胺核苷），NR能够自由进入细胞， 并转化为NAD（烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸）。