Then it starts to make more, using a bunch of different chemical reactions.

然后身体利用很多不同的化学反应开始制造更多的腺核三磷酸。

That “form” is called ATP, if you're familiar with that.

如果你熟悉这种形式的话，它的名字叫做 ATP（腺核三磷酸）。

Adenine will always bind with thymine and cytosine with guanine.

腺总是与胸腺嘧啶结合，胞嘧啶与结合。

So the caffeine doesn't even need to compete with the adenosine to fit into those receptors.

所以咖啡因不用和腺核竞争受体。

When you exercise, your body uses up its main source of energy, ATP, within a few seconds.

当你锻炼的时候，你的身体在几秒钟内便耗尽了其能量的主要来源，即腺核三磷酸。

The Nitrogenous bases are of four different types: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine.

含氮碱基有四种不同的类型：腺、、胞嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶。

But for the remaining .1%, one person might have an adenine where another person has a guanine.

但对于剩下的0.1%，一个人可能有腺而另一个人有。

Guanine always pairs with cytosine and adenine always pairs with thymine.

总是与胞嘧啶配对，腺总是与胸腺嘧啶配对。

So we've stored the energy of that light in ATP and NADPH.

因此，我们将那束光中的能量储存在了三磷酸腺（ATP）和烟酰胺腺二核酸磷酸（NADPH）中。

NAD, short for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, is a coenzyme that occurs naturally in human cells.

NAD， 即烟酰胺腺二核酸的缩写，是一种天然存在于人体细胞中的辅酶。

So you can be using veteran blue, increasing your NAD.

所以你可以使用美蓝，增加你的烟酰胺腺二核酸。

The series of reactions that generate more ATP in muscles do produce extra protons, which lowers the pH in your muscles.

肌肉中形成更多腺核三磷酸的反应确实产生了额外的质子，这会降低肌肉中的酸碱值。

We're storing energy as N-A-D-H NADH and F-A-D-H-2 or FADH2.

我们将能量储存为NADH（烟酰胺腺二核酸）和FADH2（黄素腺二核酸）。

So it's going to recycle NADH back to NAD by converting the pyruvate into lactate.

所以它会通过将丙酮酸转化为乳酸，把烟酰胺腺二核酸还原酶（NADH）回收成烟酰胺腺二核酸（NAD）。

So there's a molecule inside your brain called adenosine and it plugs into little receptors inside your brain and makes you feel tired.

大脑中有一个分子物叫做腺核，这个物质会和大脑里的受体结合，让人困意绵绵。

See, DNA is made up of four different building blocks called " bases" : adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine.

看，DNA 由四种称为“碱基”的不同构件组成：腺、胞嘧啶、和胸腺嘧啶。

And then this would be pyruvate and we're making ATP and we're making NADH down here as well.

然后这里会产生丙酮酸，同时我们在这里也制造了三磷酸腺（ATP）和还原型烟酰胺腺二核酸（NADH）。

If lactate is high, pyruvate is low, you likely have insufficient NAD to NADH.

如果乳酸水平高而丙酮酸水平低，很可能是因为烟酰胺腺二核酸（NAD）转化为还原型烟酰胺腺二核酸（NADH）不足。

These are the letters of RNA or the letters of DNA. Cytosine, guanine, adenine and uracil in RNA.

这些是核糖核酸（RNA）或脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）的字母。在RNA中，它们分别是胞嘧啶、、腺和尿嘧啶。

So when glucose has been broken down into pyruvate via glycolysis in the cytosol, it consumes NAD to create NADH.

所以当葡萄糖在细胞质中通过糖酵解分解成丙酮酸时，会消耗烟酰胺腺二核酸来生成还原型烟酰胺腺二核酸。