SoC is an abbreviation for system on a chip, part of a smartphone that combines memory, graphics, a modem and other components.

SoC是上系统的缩写，智能手的一部分，它结合了内存、图形、调制解调器和其他组件。

15 years after Europe switched to chip-and-pin.

而欧洲在15年前就开始使用卡付款系统了。

Eleven years after that ImageNet competition, Nvidia is the main supplier of chips for building and updating AI systems.

在ImageNet竞赛举办11年后，英伟达成为构建和升人工智能系统的的主要供应商。

But in this episode, we're going to focus on the SoC.

但在本期中，我们将重点关注系统。

That's 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G that connects billions of phones and the Snapdragon processor and system on a chip that is the brain of most of the premium Android phones in the world.

那是从2G、3G、4G到5G，连接了数十亿部手的技术，以及作为世界上大多数高端安卓手大脑的骁龙处理器和系统。

And with these trade-offs I talk about, maybe you get away with a smaller chip, or you have closer to the memory system, so you get good memory bandwidth.

通过这些权衡，你或许能采用更小的，或更接近内存系统，从而获得良好的内存带宽。

The stack is the sum of all the technologies and services on which a particular application relies from silicon to operating system to network In politics.

技术栈是从硅到操作系统再到网络，特定应用程序所依赖的所有技术和服务的总和。在政治方面。

The merged company will be able to offer them a complete service, Synopsys designs the chips and Ansys simulates the behaviour of systems that contain them.

合并后的公司将能够为他们提供一站式服务，新思科技负责设计， 而安世半导体则模拟包含这些的系统行为。

And it's being reported, it seems like, on a daily basis on the chip side to kind of get away from Nvidia chips in that ecosystem.

据报道称，似乎每天都在传出消息，关于在领域试图摆脱Nvidia生态系统的迹象。

So that acceleration in demand for its chips to train and to operate AI systems has really given it a geyser of money.

因此，市场对用于训练和运行人工智能系统的需求激增，为其带来了滚滚财源。

Separately, Cisco Systems says it is releasing a new chip networking system to connect AI data centers across hundreds of miles.

此外，思科系统公司宣布将推出一款新型网络系统，用于连接相距数百英里的AI数据中心。

Apple has finally put this chip in a desktop system, the Mac Studio, which is exciting news in itself.

Apple 终于将这款用于桌面系统 Mac Studio，这本身就是一个令人振奋的消息。

Amazon has been steadily building out an ecosystem of their own chips to power their AI ambitions.

亚马逊一直在稳步构建自己的生态系统，以实现其人工智能的雄心。

Cisco is releasing a new chip and networking system to connect AI data centers and this is a move that pretty much puts it in more direct competition with Broadcom.

思科正在发布一款新的和网络系统，用于连接人工智能数据中心，这一举措几乎使其与博通陷入更直接的竞争。

And the brain at the center of all these components and functions is the system on a chip, or SOC for short.

而所有这些组件和功能的核心大脑就是系统，简称SoC。

Okay, with all of these notes covered, let's move on to understand how this system-on-a-chip works.

好的，把这些笔记都讲清楚了，我们继续了解一下这个系统是如何工作的。

These chips are unfathomably complex, as there are between 5 and 10 billion transistors that make up the SoC, and they all need to fit into an area the size of a penny.

这些复杂得令人难以置信，因为构成系统的晶体管数量在50亿到100亿之间，而它们都需要装进一个一角硬币大小的区域内。

This is just a small fraction of the entire SoC layout.

这只是整个系统布局的一小部分。

First, the data path between the SoC and the DRAM is shared by everything.

首先，系统和动态随存取存储器之间的数据路径是共享的。

One confusing detail is that different generations of SoCs use different marketing names and mix multiple functions into different functional blocks.

一个令人困惑的细节是，不同代的系统使用不同的营销名称，并将多种功能混合到不同的功能块中。