Gymnosperms usually depend upon the wind for pollination.

裸通常依靠风授。

Baker said angiosperms are more successful at reproducing than gymnosperms.

贝克说，比裸在繁殖方面更成功。

Gymnosperms and angiosperms both have seeds.

裸和都有种。

Their closest relatives are the gymnosperms, a group that came before them on Earth.

它们近亲是裸，这是一个在地球上先于它们群体。

They spread into many ecological niches and replaced the gymnosperms.

它们扩散到许多生态位并 取代了裸。

But the gymnosperms haven’t been totally abandoned by their pollinators.

但裸并没有 它们传者完全抛弃。

The sweet pollen drops of some modern gymnosperms still attract pollinating flies and moths.

一些现代裸甜滴 仍然吸引授苍蝇和飞蛾。

The pollen it picked up was from a gymnosperm – the group that includes pines, cycads, and ginkgoes.

它采集来自裸——包括松树、苏铁和银杏在内群。

So, why was this butterfly-lookalike visiting a gymnosperm 165 million years ago?

那么，为什么这只长得像蝴蝶人会 在 1.65 亿年前造访裸呢？

But, for most of the history of land plants, gymnosperms were dominant.

但是，在陆地大部分历史中， 裸占主导地位。

The lacewing fossilized with pollen on its mouthparts shows how pollination began between ancient groups of insects and gymnosperm plants.

口器上带有草蛉化石表明，古代昆虫群体和裸之间授是如何开始。

Gymnosperms don't make nectar, but they do make nutritious pollination drops that are used for trapping airborne pollen.

裸不产生蜜，但它们确实产生有营养授滴，用于捕获空气中。

These specialized structures of early gymnosperms weren't big cones like you'd see on a pine tree today.

早期裸这些特殊结构并不像你今天在松树上看到那样大。

They're the most diverse group of land plants, with around 300,000 known species, while today's gymnosperms number around 1000 species.

它们是最多样化陆生群，已知约有 300,000 种， 而今天裸约有 1000 种。

Analysis of the pollen showed that it was mostly from a mix of gymnosperm plants, including cycads and ginkgos.

对分析表明， 它主要来自裸混合，包括苏铁和银杏。

As the angiosperms got their foothold and attracted crossover pollinators like beetles, some pollinators still remained loyal to the gymnosperms.

当站稳脚跟并吸引甲虫等交叉传者时，一些传者仍然忠于裸。

Like the scorpionflies and lacewings, these true flies were thriving on the reproductive structures of gymnosperms, not angiosperms.

像蝎蝇和草蛉一样，这些真正苍蝇在裸而非生殖结构上繁衍生息。

Which is weird, because today most gymnosperms are conifers - plants whose reproductive structures often look like cones and are pollinated by wind, not by insects.

这很奇怪， 因为今天大多数裸都是针叶树——它们生殖结构通常看起来像球果，靠风而不是昆虫授。

But the gymnosperms haven't been totally abandoned by their pollinators.

但是裸并没有它们传者完全抛弃。

Like, organs called nectaries evolved, which delivered tasty nectar rewards to pollinators - these were a new take on the old pollination drops of gymnosperms.

比如， 进化出蜜腺器官，将美味蜜奖励给传者——这些是对裸旧授滴新诠释。