I think of the people that we have failed, and so I take, obviously, joy and pleasure from seeing people recover, and we can cure patients with widely metastatic cancer now with immunotherapy.

我想到是我们治疗失败人，因此，很显然，我看到人们康复后会感到欣喜，现在我们可以通过免疫疗法治愈患有广泛癌症患者。

I know these reactions can lead to deep corrective experiences, the transference kind of transference.

我知道这些反应能引发深刻矫正体验，即那种。

You've got a patient metastatic cancer confirmed, but you just cannot find the source tumor.

你有一个癌症确诊患者，但就是找不到原发肿瘤。

But some of the early studies would suggest that patients who have metastatic lymphoma, which you can see spread throughout this person's body on their CAT scan, that they may have a remarkable response to these types of drugs.

但一些早期研究表明患有淋巴瘤患者，你可以在他们 CAT 扫描中看到扩散到这个人全身，他们可能对这些类型药物有显着反应.

Now going to management strategies, could you elaborate a little bit upon the neoadjuvant data currently or the metastatic data which I think more people are familiar with for immunotherapy in individuals with MSI high cancers?

谈到管理策略，您能否详细阐述一下目前关于新辅助治疗数据，或者在MSI高癌症患者中，人们更为熟悉疾病免疫治疗数据？

But people who have terminal metastatic disease who aren't ready to die, who are sent home to die on hospice, somehow find me and go, can you help me with this cancer?

但那些患有晚期疾病病人， 他们还没有准备好死去，被送回家接受临终关怀，却不知怎么找到了我， 问我能否帮助他们应对这种癌症。

And the thing about metastatic breast cancer now is that it's not always the immediate death sentence that it used to be.

如今，乳腺癌情况有所不同，它并非总是过去那种立即宣判死刑绝症。

The management of oligometastatic disease is discussed in Chapter 8. The choice of initial therapy is guided by the patient's molecular characteristics.

寡疾病治疗将在第 8 章中讨论。初始治疗选择以患者分子特征为指导。

But obviously, it's metastatic, meaning that it's now everywhere.

但很明显，这是，意味着它现在已经扩散到全身。

You can actually live a pretty long time with metastatic breast cancer depending on where it is in your body and how quickly it grows.

实际上，根据癌症在体内位置以及其生长速度，患有乳腺癌患者可以存活相当长时间。

Brain metastases Given the ability of the blood- -brain barrier to prevent drug penetration, the brain has traditionally been considered a sanctuary site for metastatic disease.

脑 鉴于血脑屏障具有阻止药物渗透能力，大脑传统上被认为是疾病避难所。

Oligometastatic (OM) disease is an intermediate state between localized malignancy and widespread metastatic disease.

少（OM）疾病是介于局部恶肿瘤广泛疾病之间中间状态。

Key points - oligometastatic disease and brain metastases OM disease is an intermediate state between localized and widespread metastatic disease, and is further split into subcategories based on the chronicity of development of metastatic disease.

要点 - 寡疾病脑 OM 疾病是局限疾病广泛疾病之间中间状态，并根据疾病发展慢程度进一步分为亚类。

The successful application of checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic NSCLC without targetable mutations (see Chapter 6) has inspired ongoing efforts to incorporate the same strategy into the treatment of early-stage disease.

检查点抑制剂在无靶向突变非小细胞肺癌中成功应用（见第6章）激发了人们不断努力将相同策略纳入早期疾病治疗中。

This serves as a first step in providing rational selection criteria for surgical treatment of oligometastatic disease in clinical trials (see Chapter 8).

这是为临床试验中寡疾病手术治疗提供合理选择标准第一步（见第 8 章）。