A neuron has three parts: Dendrites, soma or cell body, and axon.

树突、胞体和轴突。

Meanwhile, axons with larger diameters offer less internal resistance.

同时，直径轴突拥有小内部阻力。

But speeds can be boosted with myelination and increased axon diameter.

但是速度可以因髓鞘化和增加轴突直径而得到提升。

Axon serve as output device from where it transmit electrical response to other neurons.

轴突作为输出装置，将电反应传递给其他神元。

Can we grow axons and neurons down these channels?

我们能否沿着这些通道 培植神轴突或神元呢?

The damaged neurons regrew their long signaling tails, called axons.

受损神元重新出信号尾，这个便是轴突。

Neurons propagate slowly in axons, 100 meters per second, tops.

神元在轴突中传输速度慢， 最多 100 米每秒。

The signal-carrying arm of these cells, called an axon, can be up to a meter long!

这些细胞信号传递臂被称为轴突，最可达一米！

You will also notice they have long axons along which the electrical message can travel.

你还会注意到它们有轴突——电信号可以沿其传播。

Myelin is a fatty sheath that insulates an axon, preventing electrical currents from leaking out.

髓鞘质是一种脂肪鞘，它把轴突隔绝起来，以防止电波泄漏。

Axons in the nerves begin to die off. Muscles can't be controlled, and they shrink as a consequence.

神中轴突开始死亡。肌肉无法被控制，因此它们会萎缩。

As you repeat an action, a fatty tissue called myelin covers the axons of your neurons.

当你重复一个动作时，一种叫做髓鞘脂肪组织覆盖在神元轴突上。

Each of these hair cells is attached to axons in the nervous system.

每一个毛细胞都附着在神系统轴突上。

Usually, tau proteins support tiny tubes inside our axons called microtubules.

通常，tau蛋白要支撑称为微管即存在于轴突中小管。

Myelin is the protective sheath that surrounds the axons of the peripheral neurons allowing them to quickly send electrical impulses.

髓鞘质是包绕在周围神轴突上保护性鞘，使轴突可以快速传递电冲动。

Surrounding the axon is a myelin sheath, which is actually just insulation.

轴突周围是髓鞘，实际上只是绝缘层。

There's no axons, no neurons. It doesn't get depressed.

没有轴突， 没有神元。它不会变得沮丧。

So normally those axons would die  off, and the mice would be blind.

所以通常那些轴突会死掉，老鼠就会失明。

Neurons are brain cells that have a nucleus, dendrites, and an axon.

神元是具有细胞核、树突和轴突脑细胞。

The axons are intermittently wrapped in a fatty substance called myelin.

轴突某些位置可有髓鞘在外包绕。