And it's those protein-breaking enzymes, or proteases, in particular that wreak havoc for your mouth.

特别是那些破坏蛋质的，或称蛋，你的口腔造成严重的破坏。

They added a couple enzymes, trypsin and chimotrypsin that break down proteins.

他们添加了几种，胰蛋和壳构蛋，它们可以分解蛋质。

There's an enzyme that clears this stuff away and it's called insulin-degrading enzyme, I mean how weird is that?

有一种叫做胰岛素降解的能清除这些蛋，很奇怪是吧？

This work has led to the creation of proteins with new enzymatic activities, able to catalyze useful chemical reactions.

“这项研究创造出具有新型活性的蛋质，这种蛋质可以催化有益的化学反应。

Usually the clot might start naturally breaking down, for example, enzymes like plasmin break down fibrin into fragments called D-dimers.

通常情况下血栓开始溶解，比如维蛋溶解可将维蛋溶解成D二聚体的片段。

But it blew the enzymes-are-always-proteins dogma out of the water.

但它彻底推翻了“永远是蛋质”的教条。

So catalase is going to be a protein.

所以催化是一种蛋质。

So, berberine will have almost no effect on the on the protein level of PDE5.

所以，小檗碱几乎不影响磷酸二酯5的蛋水平。

The enzymes also carry out the final deconstruction of proteins into amino acids and carbohydrates into glucose.

还负责将蛋质最终分解为氨基酸，并将碳水化合分解为葡萄糖。

Lindahl discovered the first DNA Glycosylases: repair proteins that remove the damaged or wrong bases.

Lindahl 发现了第一个 DNA 糖基化：修复蛋质，去除受损或错误的碱基。

And industrial fermentation harnesses microbes for the large-scale production of chemicals like biofuels, enzymes, proteins and pharmaceutical drugs.

而工业发酵则利用微行大规模产，包括燃料、、蛋质以及药品等化学品的制造。

The alterations in cell volume and shape have been ascribed in part to the induction, within apoptotic cells, of transglutaminase activity.

这种引起胞质蛋的广泛交联，在质膜下形成类似于角质化鳞状细胞的壳。

Second, even if a microbe produces collagenase and other proteases, enzymes that break down proteins, they CAN'T reach the collagen protein due to its interaction with calcium.

第二，即使微能产胶原和其他蛋，这些可以分解蛋质，但由于胶原蛋与钙的相互作用，它们无法到达胶原蛋。

Neutrophils make an enzyme called neutrophil elastase, a protease capable of breaking down elastin, which is an extracellular matrix protein that gives elasticity and strength to lung tissues.

中性粒细胞产中性粒细胞弹性蛋，该能够水解弹性蛋；弹性蛋是一种细胞外基质蛋，赋予肺组织弹性和韧性。

An enzyme is a protein that's a catalyst, it speeds up or accelerates a chemical reaction, just as the chymosin over here is accelerating the curdling of the milk.

是一种蛋，也是一种催化剂，它能加快化学反应速率，就像这里的凝乳能让牛奶加速凝固。

We might just break it down into smaller molecules, and then we use those smaller molecules to produce enzymes or proteins or neurotransmitters or hormones or cell membranes.

我们可能只是将其分解成更小的分子，然后利用这些更小的分子来产或蛋质或神经递质或激素或细胞膜。

Scientists wanted to know the structure of a protein-cutting enzyme produced by a retrovirus similar to HIV. They haven't been able to solve the protein structure using standard computational methods.

科学家们很想掌握由反向病毒所衍的蛋剪切的结构，而反向病毒是指，比如HIV这样的病毒。这类蛋结构是不能通过标准算法法则推导就直接得出的。

When I eat that big steak we have to have two enzymes that break down those proteins called trypsin and chymotrypsin and they're each going to work on different sides.

当我享用那块大牛排时，我们需要两种来分解那些蛋质，它们分别是胰蛋和糜蛋。这两种各自在不同的部位发挥作用。

They could also identify distinct peroxisomes, small organelles involved in a metabolism, by staining for a protein called catalase, and it could map the precise subcellular localization of key functional proteins.

他们还能通过标记一种名为过氧化氢的蛋质，识别出不同的过氧化体，这些小型细胞器参与代谢过程，并能绘制出关键功能蛋在亚细胞水平的精确定位图。

Enzymes are proteins, and proteins are expensive. So these compounds — known as brush border enzymes — can just sit around and process food as it passes by, without your body having to make new ones.

是蛋质，蛋质很昂贵。所以这些化合——被称为刷状边界——可以在食经过时无所事事地处理食，而你的身体不必制造新的。