Cations are positively charged and anions are negatively charged.

阳离子电， 阴离子负电。

So cations only react with anions to form new compounds.

所以阳离子只与阴离子反应形成新的化合物。

The sodium, this became a cation, because it's positive.

钠，这变成了阳离子，因它的。

And don't just think that there's one anion and one cation.

不要只只有一种阴离子和一种阳离子。

But how do we know which ions are cations and which are anions?

但我们怎么知道哪些离子阳离子哪些阴离子呢？

Silver is also a metal and is also a cation.

银也一种金属， 也一种阳离子。

But they're really just positively-charged cations — like calcium, sodium, and potassium — and negatively-charged anions, like phosphate, sulfate, and bicarbonate.

但它们实际上只电荷的阳离子——比如钙、钠和钾——和负电荷的阴离子，比如磷酸盐、硫酸盐和碳酸氢盐。

Alkali metals want nothing more than to dump off an electron and form a positive ion, or cation.

碱金属只想释放电子并形成离子或阳离子。

But the names of these ions change somewhat depending on whether they are cations or anions.

但这些离子的名称会根据它们阳离子还阴离子而有所不同。

Cations, for some reason, the name is just the element followed by the word " ion" .

阳离子，出于某种原因， 名称只元素后跟“离子” 一词。

Now, when we name ionic compounds, we just say the cation first, and the anion second.

现在，当我们命名离子化合物时， 我们只先说阳离子， 然后再说阴离子。

This includes antacids that contain aluminum, calcium, or magnesium, all of which are positive ions that can bind with the negatively charged phosphate and block absorption.

这包括含有铝、钙或镁的抗酸剂，它们都阳离子，可以与负电荷的磷酸盐结合并阻碍其吸收。

Iron, for example, in the middle there, forms cations, but they can have a charge of either two or three.

例如，铁在中间形成阳离子， 但它们可以两个或三个电荷。

They all form ions readily when they react with non-metals, and when they do, they always lose electrons, forming cations.

当它们与非金属反应时， 它们都很容易形成离子，当它们发生反应时， 它们总失去电子， 形成阳离子。

Ions that have lost electrons, and therefore take on a positive charge, are cations. Whereas ones that gain electrons to become negative are anions.

失去电子并因此电荷的离子阳离子。而那些获得电子变成负离子的阴离子。

Next, you have the alkaline earth metals - reactive metals, but not as reactive as the alkali metals, forming cations with two positive charges instead of just one.

接下来，你有碱土金属 - 活泼金属， 但不像碱金属那样活泼，形成有两个电荷而不一个电荷的阳离子。

When a bunch of metal atoms come together in a chunk, these outer electrons wiggle free, creating what scientists usually think of as a negatively-charged “sea of electrons” flowing around a network of positively-charged ions.

当大量金属原子聚集结合块状，这些外层电子自由移动，就产生了科学家通常所说的电子海，即大量负电荷的电子游荡在电的金属阳离子周围。

One potential circulating antigen that's been identified is cationic bovine serum albumin, which is present in cow's milk and beef protein, and can escape the intestinal barrier, cause immune complex formation, and deposit in the GBM.

一种已发现的潜在循环抗原阳离子化牛血清白蛋白，存在牛奶和牛肉蛋白质中，并可逃离肠道屏障，导致免疫复合物形成，沉积在基底膜。