Now, Leptospira is a tiny spiral bacteria, that stains poorly with Gram staining, because it doesn't retain the Gram dyes well, so it's classically considered gram-negative.

钩端螺旋体是一种细小的螺旋形病，革兰氏染色效果较差，因不能很好地保留染色剂，所以通常是一种革兰氏。

Alright, as a quick recap, leptospira is a genus of tiny spiral gram-negative bacteria that can be seen under a darkfield microscope.

得！快速回一下：钩端螺旋体是一种细小的革兰氏，可以在暗视野显微镜中被观察到。

This medium helps identify whether Gram-negative bacteria are lactose fermenters or not.

该类培养基有助于鉴别革兰氏是否乳糖发酵。

It consists of peptidoglycan which usually helps differentiate whether bacteria are gram positive or gram negative.

细胞壁由肽聚糖组成，通常可以帮助区分细的种类，判断们是革兰氏阳还是革兰氏。

They have a cell wall which protects the bacteria, determines whether they are gram positive or gram negative bacteria and also helps maintain their shape.

保护细的细胞壁决定了细是革兰氏阳还是革兰氏，并且参与维持细的形状。

In gram negative bacteria it is internal and difficult for penicillin to access.

在革兰氏中，位于内部，青霉素难以接触。

And I was dealing with things like candida overgrowth, gram-negative bacteria overgrowth.

我正在应对念珠过度生长、革兰氏过度生长等问题。