This is the International Phonetic Alphabet and I use it a lot when I'm teaching pronunciation to my English students.

这是国际音标表，我教生英语发音的时候经常用到它。

To spell things on the phone, we use the NATO Phonetic Alphabet.

我们使用NATO音标字母表来进行电话上的拼写。

That means creating a written form of the language, which the researchers do using what is known as the International Phonetic Alphabet.

这意味着那种语言的书面语体，而研究者们正使用被称为国际音标的符号体系来完成这件事。

Hear. This word is spelled phonetically with the IH vowel, ih, but I find it's more like the EE vowel, hear. Now you'll see a schwa in the phonetics but you don't need to worry about it.

Hear 这个单词语音方面是有元音IH，ih，但是我发现它听起来更像是元音EE，hear。你会发现它的音标里有一个非重读央元音，但你没有必太担。

Take a look at the phonetic transcriptions of these two words, let's go on to 16 and 60.

看一下这两个词的音标，我们继续讨论 16 和 60。

Minimal pairs are two words that differ from each other by only one sound.

最小对立体是指音标中只有一个音素不同，其他音素完全相同的两个单词。

Check out the phonetic script of words in a modern dictionary and it reflects the middle-class English and not the Oxford English, the posh English of yesteryear, the old version of RP even changed its name.

看看现代词典中单词的音标，它反映的是中产阶级英语，而不是牛津英语，去年的上流口音，旧版本的 RP 甚至改变了它的名字。

It's just the IPA of all the words in English.

它有英语中所有单词的国际音标。

If a verb ends with a voiced sound like “m” “l” “v” or a vowel, we make the regular past with another voiced sound, “d”, so we say “seemed, filled, lived, played”.

如果一个动词（其音标）以一个浊辅音结尾，如“m” “l” “v”, 或者元音结尾，那（加上ed）之后就念做d。也就是“seemed, filled, lived, played”的ed都发作d。

Now I prefer not to say " the" TH sound, because there are actually two TH sounds in English, which are represented by these two phonetic symbols.

现，我不太愿意说“the” TH 音，因为英语中其实有两个 TH 音，就是用这两个音标来表示的。

So every language is a combination of a finite list of possible mouth noises, which are summarized in the international phonetic alphabet.

所以每种语言都是可能的嘴巴发出的音的有限列表的组合，国际音标把这些声音总结一起。

So those are the three possibilities: “d” after a voiced sound, t after an unvoiced sound and “id” after “t” or “d”.

（动词的音标以）浊辅音（或元音）结尾时，ed念d；清辅音结尾时，ed念t；动词音标以t和d结尾时，念id。

You don't have to use phonetic symbols, but they can help you to remember the correct pronunciation of words.

你不一定使用音标符号，但是它们可以帮你记住单词的正确发音。

Here's the catch: you have no recordings. No phonetic transcriptions. Not even an alphabet.

你没有录音，没有音标，甚至连ABC都没有。

Number five, possibly the biggest tip that I'm going to give you, so listen carefully, it's to study and master the IPA, the International Phonetic Alphabet.

第五个建议，也许是我给你们的最重的建议，所以请仔细听，那就是习并掌握国际音标。

And when you learn the IPA, I also want you to notice sounds which sound similar.

当你们习国际音标时，我也希望你们注意那些听起来相似的音。

So, it would be silly not to learn the IPA.

所以，不国际音标就亏大了。

Remember that they're sounds not English letters.

记住他们是音标而不是英语字母。

And within that, every single possible vowel sound is mapped out here.

国际音标表中，每一个可能的元音都这里绘制出来。

You go to online dictionaries, you see the IPA.

你去线词典，你看到国际音标。