Taking the ecogeographical data into acount, the authors consider the surveyed area to be a natural focus of plague with the marmot M.baibacina as the main rservoir.
A large staghorn calculus is seen obstructing the renal peli-calyceal system. The lower pole of the kidney shows areas of hemorrhage and necrosis with collapse of cortical areas.
In this case, a large "staghorn" calculus (so named because the prominent projections of the stone into the calyces resemble deer antlers) was present that filled up the pelvis and calyceal system.