The musk oxen have recently given birth.

麝牛最近生了幼仔。

For the North American musk oxen, this is rutting season.

对北美麝牛来说，这正是求偶季节。

The Muskoxen continue to stock up vital reserves ahead of the scarcity of winter.

麝牛继续为食物短缺冬季提前做好充分储备。

" So I just don't approach, at least initially, a group of musk oxen."

“我不会靠近，至少不会从一开始就靠近一群麝牛。”

The Muskox, Scandinavia's prehistoric giants, make the most of autumn's bounty.

麝牛，斯堪纳维亚史前巨兽充分利用秋天。

The idea here is to gauge the response of musk oxen to this formerly rare threat.

博格目是评估麝牛面对这种罕见威胁应。

The flourish of vegetations signals the Muskoxen to move away from their winter homes.

茂盛植被为麝牛发出信号，它们开始离开过冬家园。

With temperatures plummeting again to well below freezing, Muskoxen face the most formidable opponent of all, the Arctic winter.

气温再度骤然降下，远远低于零度。麝牛毅然面对最强大对手，北极寒冬。

The moment the musk ox spot the wolf, they instinctively form a defensive ring to shield their young.

麝牛一发现狼，它们就本能地组成防护圈保护幼崽。

Mammoths, musk oxen, giant sloths, dogs, wolves, horses and even Neanderthals were all jealously guarded by other researchers.

猛犸象、麝牛、巨型树懒、狗、狼、马、甚至尼安德特人，都被其他研究人员小心翼翼地把守着。

But with so many adult surround, each weighing nearly five hundred kilos, the odds are stacked against the wolves.

不过有这么多成年麝牛在四周保护，而每头都重达近五百公斤，形势对狼群是不利。

The musk oxen are one of the tundra's hardiest animals. But one mammal has mastered the tundra like no other.

麝牛是苔原上最顽强动物之一，但另一种哺乳动物却以不同寻常方式征服了苔原。

Caribou, musk ox and polar bears all live in this icy area.

驯鹿、麝牛和北极熊都生活在这个冰冷地区。

Even more so than dinosaurs like Pachycephalosaurus, or modern head-butters like muskox and rams.

甚至比像厚头龙这样恐龙，或者像麝牛和公羊这样现代头撞动物更重要。

Such behavior is common among many large mammals, including antelope, big horned sheep, bison and musk oxen.

这种行为在许多大型哺乳动物中很常见，包括羚羊、大角羊、野牛和麝牛。

Here are some questions that need to be answered before we can entertain the possibility that Pachycephalosaurs engaged in musk oxen style head butting.

在我们接受厚头龙类进行麝牛式头部撞击可能性之前，需要回答以下一些问题。

Around ten thousand musk oxen tough out Greenland's winter with the temperatures drop below minus fifty degree Celsius and winds can reach almost a hundred kilometers an hour.

大约有一万头麝牛顽强地挺过格陵兰寒冬，这里气温能降至零下五十摄氏度之下，而风速几乎可达每小一百公里。