Below the nasopharynx and closer to the mouth is the second division of the pharynx, the oropharynx. The palatine tonsils, two rounded massed of lymphatic tissue, are located in the oropharynx.

在咽下方并且更接近口腔咽第二部——口咽，也称作腭扁桃，为两团圆形淋巴组织，位于口咽部。

Both collect samples by sticking a swab through your nose but one looks for COVID related protein fragments while the other uses enzymes to seek out the genetic material of COVID-19.

两者咽拭子采样，但其中一个对病原菌蛋白进行检测，而另一个通过聚合酶链式反应检测病原菌遗传物质。

I just got a nose and a throat PCR test.

我刚刚做了一个咽拭子。

M is for middle ear infection: DNS also predisposes to middle ear infection because Eustachian tube which is the only drainage source of middle ear, opens in nasopharynx and DNS can cause its obstruction and resulting in middle ear infections.

M 中耳感染：DNS 患者更倾向于患中耳感染，咽鼓管中耳唯一引流源，在咽部打开，DNS 可引起咽鼓管阻，导致中耳感染。

To do that, you would collect a nasopharyngeal swab which is where you take a long q-tip with only one soft end and twirl it a few times inside a nostril to get enough secretions on it to be analyzed.

医护人员首先需要向被采样对象采集咽拭子，即用一根较长无菌棉签探入到腔，并在腔内部停留几秒转动二三圈，取样用作分析。

But their presence in the nasopharynx is especially important, as that's where respiratory viruses like SARS-CoV-2 usually enter our bodies, and where scientists believe these viruses can hang out and multiply.

但他们在咽中存在则尤为显著，因为像新冠病毒这样呼吸道病毒通常通过咽进入我们，而科学家们则认为因为病毒能在此逗留和繁殖。

The facial nerve also innervates the sublingual and submandibular glands, which secrete saliva, as well as the lacrimal gland which produces tears, and mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, and nasopharynx.

面神经同时也支配着舌下腺和下颌下腺，它们可以分泌唾液；以及产生眼泪泪腺，还有口、、咽粘膜。

Although it's not always needed, diagnostic testing for RSV can be done by swabbing epithelial cells in the nasopharynx and looking for the presence of viral antigens.

可以通过擦拭咽部上皮细胞，检查否存在病毒抗原，但这一检查并不人人必要。

Allergies might cause swelling of the tissue in the nasopharynx, or there might be swollen adenoid glands or tonsils because of an infection.

过敏反应可能会引起咽部组织肿胀，或存在感染引起腺或扁桃肿大。

To enter Japan, travelers need to get a certificate that proves negative results for COVID-19 from nasal swab testing or saliva samples.

入境日本旅客需持有咽或唾液样本新冠病毒检测呈阴性证明。

To perform RT-PCR, some of the extracted sample from the nasopharyngeal swab is added to a solution containing an enzyme called reverse transcriptase, nucleotides and primers that are complimentary to a specific SARS-CoV-2 target sequence.

RT-PCR操作步骤：首先将咽拭子部分样本加入到含有逆转录酶、核苷酸和引物溶液中，其中引物将与SARS-CoV-2病毒目标序列互补。

Like, the authors of a November 2020 paper in Frontiers in Immunology hypothesize that some people do a better job of creating a defensive coating of mucus in their nasopharynx.

比如说，2020年11月发表在《免疫学前沿》杂志上一篇论文作者假设，有些人在咽部位更容易形成一层具有防御性质粘液涂层。

Upon entering the body, the virus encounters the epithelial cells lining the nasopharynx which is the part of your throat nearest your nose.

病毒进入内后会遇到咽部上皮细胞；咽指喉咙靠近子部位。

Air has to go from the nose through the nasopharynx into the laryngopharynx, through the larynx and then into the trachea.

空气从腔进入咽部，到达咽喉部，穿过咽喉进入气管。

Now getting a good sample is crucial, so make sure you really get in there, if no virus gets on the swab, then PCR can't detect it.

样本采集十分重要，所以需确保咽拭子探入至道底部，如果咽拭子上没有病毒样本，PCR就无法探测到病毒。

After several rounds, if there was SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the original sample, you'll have amplified DNA from that sample that can be detected.

在数个循环之后，如果咽拭子中存在SARS-CoV-2病毒RNA，检测人员将会从样本中成功扩增得到DNA。

You're probably familiar with some of the many weapons in the innate immune system's arsenal, like your skin and the mucus in our nose and throat.

你可能对先天免疫系统武器库中许多武器很熟悉，比如你皮肤和咽部黏液。

Specimens for repeat 2019-nCoV testing were collected on illness days 7, 11, and 12 and included nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs, serum, and urine and stool samples.

在发病第 7 天、第 11 天和第 12 天收集用于重复 2019-nCoV 检测标本， 包括咽和口咽拭子、血清以及尿液和粪便样本。

The low cycle threshold (Ct) values (18 to 20 in nasopharyngeal specimens and 21 to 22 in oropharyngeal specimens) on illness day 4 suggest high levels of virus in these specimens, despite the patient's initial mild symptom presentation.

发病第 4 天低循环阈值 (Ct) 值（咽标本为 18 至 20， 口咽标本为 21 至 22）表明这些标本中病毒水平很高， 尽管患者最初症状很轻微。

The full genome sequences from oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal specimens were identical to one another and were nearly identical to other available 2019-nCoV sequences.

来自口咽和咽标本全基因组序列彼此相同， 并且与其他可用 2019-nCoV 序列几乎相同。