;
;
损害身体self-inflicted privation.
自我
行
inflict
/ɪnˈflɪkt/ /ɪnˈflɪkt/
vt. 把…
给, 使承受, 遭受
给, 使承受, 遭受时 态: inflicted, inflicting, inflicts
形容词: inflictive
形容词: inflictive
inflict on 使承担（痛，负担等）；给以（打击，惩罚等）
，负担等）；给以（打击，惩罚等）inflict punishment 处以刑罚
Don't inflict your ideas on me.
不要把你
想法
于我。
inflicted heavy losses on the enemy; a storm that inflicted widespread damage.
给敌人以
创；一场
来广泛损害风暴
it's fine as long as no one is inflicting harm on anyone else.
只要没有人在伤害其他人就好。
she is wrong to inflict her beliefs on everyone else.
她错误地将自己看法给所有人。
died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound.
死在自己枪伤下
Never inflict useless pain on dumb animals.
切勿给不会说话动物施无谓痛。
The hurricane inflicted severe damage on the island.
飓风给这个岛造成了
损失。
they inflicted serious injuries on three other men.
他们使其他三人受伤。
the Prime Minister was reeling from a savaging inflicted in the Commons.
下院猛烈抨击使首相不知所措。
Mary inflicted her children on her mother for the weekend.
周末玛丽硬把孩子们交给母亲照料。
He inflicted a heavy blow on the back of her head.
他猛击她后脑勺。
I am sorry to have to inflict my company upon you.
对不起, 我不得不打扰你一下。
Zoya heroically bore the torture that the Fascists inflicted upon her.
卓娅英勇地承受法西斯匪徒在她身上酷刑。
He was charged with maliciously inflicting grievous bodily harm.
他被控蓄意伤害他人身体。
his injuries were inflicted by the frolics of a young filly.
一匹嬉闹小母马使他受了伤。
British workers had been gulled into inflicting poverty and deprivation upon themselves.
英国工人受到欺骗而使自己遭受贫困和剥削。
Tranmere Rovers went nap to inflict a heavy 5–1 defeat on West Ham.
特兰梅尔流浪者队大获全胜，5比1创西汉姆联队。
I won't inflict myself on you today. I can see you are too busy to listen to my complaints.
我今天不给你添麻烦了, 我知道你太忙, 没时间听我诉说。
They claimed that he had inflicted bad fortune on them through evil magic.
他们声称他运用了恶毒魔法使他们遭受不幸。
声明：以上例句、词性分类均由互联网资源自动生成，部分未经过人工审核，其表达内容亦不代表本软件
观点；若发现问题，欢迎向我们指正。
用户正在搜索
etherialize, etheric, etheride, etherification, etherify, etherin, etherioscope, etherism, etherization, etherize,
相似单词
inflexibility, inflexible, inflexibly, inflexion, inflexional, inflict, inflictable, inflicter, infliction, inflictive,
vt. 把…强加给, 使承受, 遭受
时 态: inflicted, inflicting, inflicts
形容词: inflictive
形容词: inflictive
害，损害;
inflict on 使承
（
，负等）；给以（打击，惩罚等）
（，负等）；给以（打击，惩罚等）inflict punishment 处以刑罚
self-inflicted privation.
自我行
Don't inflict your ideas on me.
不要把你的想法强加于我。
inflicted heavy losses on the enemy; a storm that inflicted widespread damage.
给敌人以重创；一场来广泛损害的风暴
it's fine as long as no one is inflicting harm on anyone else.
只要没有人在
害其他人就好。
she is wrong to inflict her beliefs on everyone else.
她错误地将自己的看法强加给所有人。
died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound.
死在自己的
Never inflict useless pain on dumb animals.
切勿给不会说话的动物施加无谓的。
The hurricane inflicted severe damage on the island.
飓风给这个岛造成了严重的损失。
they inflicted serious injuries on three other men.
他们使其他三人严重受。
the Prime Minister was reeling from a savaging inflicted in the Commons.
院的猛烈抨击使首相不知所措。
Mary inflicted her children on her mother for the weekend.
周末玛丽硬把孩子们交给母亲照料。
He inflicted a heavy blow on the back of her head.
他猛击她的后脑勺。
I am sorry to have to inflict my company upon you.
对不起, 我不得不打扰你一。
Zoya heroically bore the torture that the Fascists inflicted upon her.
卓娅英勇地承受法西斯匪徒加在她身上的酷刑。
He was charged with maliciously inflicting grievous bodily harm.
他被控蓄意严重害他人身体。
his injuries were inflicted by the frolics of a young filly.
一匹嬉闹的小母马使他受了。
British workers had been gulled into inflicting poverty and deprivation upon themselves.
英国的工人受到欺骗而使自己遭受贫困和剥削。
Tranmere Rovers went nap to inflict a heavy 5–1 defeat on West Ham.
特兰梅尔流浪者队大获全胜，5比1重创西汉姆联队。
I won't inflict myself on you today. I can see you are too busy to listen to my complaints.
我今天不给你添麻烦了, 我知道你太忙, 没时间听我诉说。
They claimed that he had inflicted bad fortune on them through evil magic.
他们声称他运用了恶毒的魔法使他们遭受不幸。
声明：以上例句、词性分类均由互联网资源自动生成，部分未经过人工审核，其表达内容亦不代表本软件的观点；若发现问题，欢迎向我们指正。
用户正在搜索
ETHF, ethic, ethical, ethical code, ethicality, ethically, ethicals, ethicist, ethicize, ethics,
相似单词
inflexibility, inflexible, inflexibly, inflexion, inflexional, inflict, inflictable, inflicter, infliction, inflictive,
vt. 把…强给, 使承受, 遭受
给, 使承受, 遭受时 态: inflicted, inflicting, inflicts
形容词: inflictive
形容词: inflictive
inflict on 使承担（痛苦，负担等）；给以（打击，惩罚等）
inflict punishment 处以刑罚
self-inflicted privation.
自
苦行
Don't inflict your ideas on me.
不
把你的想法强
。
inflicted heavy losses on the enemy; a storm that inflicted widespread damage.
给敌人以重创；一场来广泛损害的风暴
it's fine as long as no one is inflicting harm on anyone else.
有人在伤害其他人就好。
she is wrong to inflict her beliefs on everyone else.
她错误地将自己的看法强给所有人。
died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound.
死在自己的枪伤下
Never inflict useless pain on dumb animals.
切勿给不会说话的动物施无谓的痛苦。
The hurricane inflicted severe damage on the island.
飓风给这个岛造成了严重的损失。
they inflicted serious injuries on three other men.
他们使其他三人严重受伤。
the Prime Minister was reeling from a savaging inflicted in the Commons.
下院的猛烈抨击使首相不知所措。
Mary inflicted her children on her mother for the weekend.
周末玛丽硬把孩子们交给母亲照料。
He inflicted a heavy blow on the back of her head.
他猛击她的后脑勺。
I am sorry to have to inflict my company upon you.
对不起, 不得不打扰你一下。
Zoya heroically bore the torture that the Fascists inflicted upon her.
卓娅英勇地承受法西斯匪徒在她身上的酷刑。
He was charged with maliciously inflicting grievous bodily harm.
他被控蓄意严重伤害他人身体。
his injuries were inflicted by the frolics of a young filly.
一匹嬉闹的小母马使他受了伤。
British workers had been gulled into inflicting poverty and deprivation upon themselves.
英国的工人受到欺骗而使自己遭受贫困和剥削。
Tranmere Rovers went nap to inflict a heavy 5–1 defeat on West Ham.
特兰梅尔流浪者队大获全胜，5比1重创西汉姆联队。
I won't inflict myself on you today. I can see you are too busy to listen to my complaints.
今天不给你添麻烦了, 知道你太忙, 时间听诉说。
They claimed that he had inflicted bad fortune on them through evil magic.
他们声称他运用了恶毒的魔法使他们遭受不幸。
声明：以上例句、词性分类均由互联网资源自动生成，部分未经过人工审核，其表达内容亦不代表本软件的观点；若发现问题，欢迎向
们指正。
用户正在搜索
ethinyl, ethinylation, ethinylestradiol, ethinyloestradiol, ethinyltestosterone, ethiodide, ethiodol, ethiodolum, ethion, ethionamide,
相似单词
inflexibility, inflexible, inflexibly, inflexion, inflexional, inflict, inflictable, inflicter, infliction, inflictive,
vt. 把…强加给, 使承受, 遭受
时 态: inflicted, inflicting, inflicts
形容词: inflictive
形容词: inflictive
inflict on 使承担（痛苦，负担等）；给以（打击，惩罚等）
inflict punishment 处以刑罚
self-inflicted privation.
自我苦行
Don't inflict your ideas on me.
不要把你的想法强加于我。
inflicted heavy losses on the enemy; a storm that inflicted widespread damage.
给敌人以重创；一场来广泛损害的风暴
it's fine as long as no one is inflicting harm on anyone else.
只要没有人在伤害其他人就好。
she is wrong to inflict her beliefs on everyone else.
她错
自己的看法强加给所有人。
died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound.
死在自己的枪伤下
Never inflict useless pain on dumb animals.
切勿给不会说话的动物施加无谓的痛苦。
The hurricane inflicted severe damage on the island.
飓风给这个岛造成了严重的损失。
they inflicted serious injuries on three other men.
他们使其他三人严重受伤。
the Prime Minister was reeling from a savaging inflicted in the Commons.
下院的猛烈抨击使首相不知所措。
Mary inflicted her children on her mother for the weekend.
周末玛丽硬把孩子们交给母亲照料。
He inflicted a heavy blow on the back of her head.
他猛击她的后脑勺。
I am sorry to have to inflict my company upon you.
对不起, 我不得不打扰你一下。
Zoya heroically bore the torture that the Fascists inflicted upon her.
卓娅英勇承受法西斯匪徒加在她身上的酷刑。
He was charged with maliciously inflicting grievous bodily harm.
他被控蓄意严重伤害他人身体。
his injuries were inflicted by the frolics of a young filly.
一匹嬉闹的小母马使他受了伤。
British workers had been gulled into inflicting poverty and deprivation upon themselves.
英国的工人受到欺骗而使自己遭受贫困和剥削。
Tranmere Rovers went nap to inflict a heavy 5–1 defeat on West Ham.
特兰梅尔流浪者队大获全胜，5比1重创西汉姆联队。
I won't inflict myself on you today. I can see you are too busy to listen to my complaints.
我今天不给你添麻烦了, 我知道你太忙, 没时间听我诉说。
They claimed that he had inflicted bad fortune on them through evil magic.
他们声称他运用了恶毒的魔法使他们遭受不幸。
声明：以上
、词性分类均由互联网资源自动生成，部分未经过人工审核，其表达内容亦不代表本软件的观点；若发现问题，欢迎向我们指正。
用户正在搜索
Ethisul, ethizone, Ethlyn, ethmoid, ethmoid bone, ethmoidal, ethmoidectomy, ethmoiditis, ethmoidotomy, ethmolith,
相似单词
inflexibility, inflexible, inflexibly, inflexion, inflexional, inflict, inflictable, inflicter, infliction, inflictive,
vt. 把…强加给, 使承受, 遭受
时 态: inflicted, inflicting, inflicts
形容词: inflictive
形容词: inflictive
inflict on 使承担（痛苦，负担等）；给以（打击，惩罚等）
inflict punishment 处以刑罚
self-inflicted privation.
自我苦行
Don't inflict your ideas on me.
不要把你想法强加于我。
inflicted heavy losses on the enemy; a storm that inflicted widespread damage.
给敌人以重创；一场来广泛损害风暴
it's fine as long as no one is inflicting harm on anyone else.
只要没有人在伤害其他人就好。
she is wrong to inflict her beliefs on everyone else.
她错误地将自己看法强加给所有人。
died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound.
死在自己枪伤下
Never inflict useless pain on dumb animals.
切勿给不会说话
施加无谓痛苦。
The hurricane inflicted severe damage on the island.
飓风给这个岛造成了严重损失。
they inflicted serious injuries on three other men.
他们使其他三人严重受伤。
the Prime Minister was reeling from a savaging inflicted in the Commons.
下院猛烈抨击使首相不知所措。
Mary inflicted her children on her mother for the weekend.
周末玛丽硬把孩子们交给母亲照料。
He inflicted a heavy blow on the back of her head.
他猛击她后脑勺。
I am sorry to have to inflict my company upon you.
对不起, 我不得不打扰你一下。
Zoya heroically bore the torture that the Fascists inflicted upon her.
卓娅英勇地承受法西斯匪徒加在她身上酷刑。
He was charged with maliciously inflicting grievous bodily harm.
他被控蓄意严重伤害他人身
。
his injuries were inflicted by the frolics of a young filly.
一匹嬉闹小母马使他受了伤。
British workers had been gulled into inflicting poverty and deprivation upon themselves.
英国工人受到欺骗而使自己遭受贫困和剥削。
Tranmere Rovers went nap to inflict a heavy 5–1 defeat on West Ham.
特兰梅尔流浪者队大获全胜，5比1重创西汉姆联队。
I won't inflict myself on you today. I can see you are too busy to listen to my complaints.
我今天不给你添麻烦了, 我知道你太忙, 没时间听我诉说。
They claimed that he had inflicted bad fortune on them through evil magic.
他们声称他运用了恶毒魔法使他们遭受不幸。
声明：以上例句、词性分类均由互联网资源自
生成，部分未经过人工审核，其表达内容亦不代表本软件观点；若发现问题，欢迎向我们指正。
用户正在搜索
ethnically, ethnicity, ethnics, ethnine, ethno-, ethnoarchaeology, ethnobiology, ethnobotanical, ethnobotanist, ethnobotany,
相似单词
inflexibility, inflexible, inflexibly, inflexion, inflexional, inflict, inflictable, inflicter, infliction, inflictive,
vt. 把…强加给, 使承受, 遭受
时 态: inflicted, inflicting, inflicts
形容词: inflictive
形容词: inflictive
，损inflict on 使承担（痛苦，负担等）；给以（打击，惩罚等）
inflict punishment 处以刑罚
self-inflicted privation.
自我苦行
Don't inflict your ideas on me.
不要把你的想法强加于我。
inflicted heavy losses on the enemy; a storm that inflicted widespread damage.
给敌
以创；一场来广泛损
的风暴
it's fine as long as no one is inflicting harm on anyone else.
只要没有在其他就好。
she is wrong to inflict her beliefs on everyone else.
她错误地将自己的看法强加给所有。
died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound.
死在自己的枪下
Never inflict useless pain on dumb animals.
切勿给不会说话的动物施加无谓的痛苦。
The hurricane inflicted severe damage on the island.
飓风给这个岛造成了的损失。
they inflicted serious injuries on three other men.
他们使其他三受。
the Prime Minister was reeling from a savaging inflicted in the Commons.
下院的猛烈抨击使首相不知所措。
Mary inflicted her children on her mother for the weekend.
周末玛丽硬把孩子们交给母亲照料。
He inflicted a heavy blow on the back of her head.
他猛击她的后脑勺。
I am sorry to have to inflict my company upon you.
对不起, 我不得不打扰你一下。
Zoya heroically bore the torture that the Fascists inflicted upon her.
卓娅英勇地承受法西斯匪徒加在她身上的酷刑。
He was charged with maliciously inflicting grievous bodily harm.
他被控蓄意他身体。
his injuries were inflicted by the frolics of a young filly.
一匹嬉闹的小母马使他受了。
British workers had been gulled into inflicting poverty and deprivation upon themselves.
英国的工受到欺骗而使自己遭受贫困和剥削。
Tranmere Rovers went nap to inflict a heavy 5–1 defeat on West Ham.
特兰梅尔流浪者队大获全胜，5比1创西汉姆联队。
I won't inflict myself on you today. I can see you are too busy to listen to my complaints.
我今天不给你添麻烦了, 我知道你太忙, 没时间听我诉说。
They claimed that he had inflicted bad fortune on them through evil magic.
他们声称他运用了恶毒的魔法使他们遭受不幸。
声明：以上例句、词性分类均由互联网资源自动生成，部分未经过
工审核，其表达内容亦不代表本软件的观点；若发现问题，欢迎向我们指正。
用户正在搜索
ethnography, ethnohistorian, ethnohistoric, ethnohistorical, ethnohistorically, ethnohistory, ethnolinguistics, ethnologic, ethnological, ethnologist,
相似单词
inflexibility, inflexible, inflexibly, inflexion, inflexional, inflict, inflictable, inflicter, infliction, inflictive,
vt. 把…强加给, 使承受, 遭受
时 态: inflicted, inflicting, inflicts
形容词: inflictive
形容词: inflictive
inflict on 使承（痛，
等）；给以（打击，惩罚等）
（痛，等）；给以（打击，惩罚等）inflict punishment 处以刑罚
self-inflicted privation.
自我行
Don't inflict your ideas on me.
不要把你想法强加于我。
inflicted heavy losses on the enemy; a storm that inflicted widespread damage.
给敌人以重创；一场来广泛损害风暴
it's fine as long as no one is inflicting harm on anyone else.
只要没有人在伤害其他人就好。
she is wrong to inflict her beliefs on everyone else.
她错误地将自
看法强加给所有人。
died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound.
死在自伤下
Never inflict useless pain on dumb animals.
切勿给不会说话动物施加无谓痛。
The hurricane inflicted severe damage on the island.
飓风给这个岛造成了严重损失。
they inflicted serious injuries on three other men.
他们使其他三人严重受伤。
the Prime Minister was reeling from a savaging inflicted in the Commons.
下院猛烈抨击使首相不知所措。
Mary inflicted her children on her mother for the weekend.
周末玛丽硬把孩子们交给母亲照料。
He inflicted a heavy blow on the back of her head.
他猛击她后脑勺。
I am sorry to have to inflict my company upon you.
对不起, 我不得不打扰你一下。
Zoya heroically bore the torture that the Fascists inflicted upon her.
卓娅英勇地承受法西斯匪徒加在她身上酷刑。
He was charged with maliciously inflicting grievous bodily harm.
他被控蓄意严重伤害他人身体。
his injuries were inflicted by the frolics of a young filly.
一匹嬉闹小母马使他受了伤。
British workers had been gulled into inflicting poverty and deprivation upon themselves.
英国工人受到欺骗而使自遭受贫困和剥削。
Tranmere Rovers went nap to inflict a heavy 5–1 defeat on West Ham.
特兰梅尔流浪者队大获全胜，5比1重创西汉姆联队。
I won't inflict myself on you today. I can see you are too busy to listen to my complaints.
我今天不给你添麻烦了, 我知道你太忙, 没时间听我诉说。
They claimed that he had inflicted bad fortune on them through evil magic.
他们声称他运用了恶毒魔法使他们遭受不幸。
声明：以上例句、词性分类均由互联网资源自动生成，部分未经过人工审核，其表达内容亦不代表本软件观点；若发现问题，欢迎向我们指正。
用户正在搜索
ethnopharmacology, ethnopsychiatry, ethnopsychology, ethnos, ethnoscience, ethnosemantics, ethnosociology, ethnozoology, ethocaine, Ethocel,
相似单词
inflexibility, inflexible, inflexibly, inflexion, inflexional, inflict, inflictable, inflicter, infliction, inflictive,
vt. 把…强加
, 使承受, 遭受
, 使承受, 遭受时 态: inflicted, inflicting, inflicts
形容词: inflictive
形容词: inflictive
inflict on 使承担（痛苦，负担等）；
以（打击，惩罚等）
以（打击，惩罚等）inflict punishment 处以刑罚
self-inflicted privation.
自我苦行
Don't inflict your ideas on me.
要把你的想法强加于我。
inflicted heavy losses on the enemy; a storm that inflicted widespread damage.
敌人以重创；一场来广泛损害的风暴
it's fine as long as no one is inflicting harm on anyone else.
只要没有人在伤害其他人就好。
she is wrong to inflict her beliefs on everyone else.
她错误地将自己的看法强加所有人。
died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound.
死在自己的枪伤下
Never inflict useless pain on dumb animals.
切勿
说话的动物施加无谓的痛苦。
The hurricane inflicted severe damage on the island.
飓风这个岛造成了严重的损失。
they inflicted serious injuries on three other men.
他们使其他三人严重受伤。
the Prime Minister was reeling from a savaging inflicted in the Commons.
下院的猛烈抨击使首相知所措。
Mary inflicted her children on her mother for the weekend.
周末玛丽硬把孩子们交母亲照料。
He inflicted a heavy blow on the back of her head.
他猛击她的后脑勺。
I am sorry to have to inflict my company upon you.
对起, 我得打扰你一下。
Zoya heroically bore the torture that the Fascists inflicted upon her.
卓娅英勇地承受法西斯匪徒加在她身上的酷刑。
He was charged with maliciously inflicting grievous bodily harm.
他被控蓄意严重伤害他人身体。
his injuries were inflicted by the frolics of a young filly.
一匹嬉闹的小母马使他受了伤。
British workers had been gulled into inflicting poverty and deprivation upon themselves.
英国的工人受到欺骗而使自己遭受贫困和剥削。
Tranmere Rovers went nap to inflict a heavy 5–1 defeat on West Ham.
特兰梅尔流浪者队大获全胜，5比1重创西汉姆联队。
I won't inflict myself on you today. I can see you are too busy to listen to my complaints.
我今天你添麻烦了, 我知道你太忙, 没时间听我诉说。
They claimed that he had inflicted bad fortune on them through evil magic.
他们声称他运
了恶毒的魔法使他们遭受幸。
声明：以上例句、词性分类均由互联网资源自动生成，部分未经过人工审核，其表达内容亦
代表本软件的观点；若发现问题，欢迎向我们指正。
用户正在搜索
ethologist, ethology, Ethomid, ethomoxane, Ethonal, ethopromazine, ethoprop, ethopropazine, ethos, ethosuximide,
相似单词
inflexibility, inflexible, inflexibly, inflexion, inflexional, inflict, inflictable, inflicter, infliction, inflictive,
vt. 把…强加给, 使承受, 遭受
时 态: inflicted, inflicting, inflicts
形容词: inflictive
形容词: inflictive
inflict on 使承担（痛苦，负担等）；给以（打击，惩罚等）
inflict punishment 处以刑罚
self-inflicted privation.
自我苦行
Don't inflict your ideas on me.
不要把你的想法强加于我。
inflicted heavy losses on the enemy; a storm that inflicted widespread damage.
给敌人以重
；
损害的风暴
it's fine as long as no one is inflicting harm on anyone else.
只要没有人在伤害其他人就好。
she is wrong to inflict her beliefs on everyone else.
她错误地将自己的看法强加给所有人。
died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound.
死在自己的枪伤下
Never inflict useless pain on dumb animals.
切勿给不会说话的动物施加无谓的痛苦。
The hurricane inflicted severe damage on the island.
飓风给这个岛造成了严重的损失。
they inflicted serious injuries on three other men.
他们使其他三人严重受伤。
the Prime Minister was reeling from a savaging inflicted in the Commons.
下院的猛烈抨击使首相不知所措。
Mary inflicted her children on her mother for the weekend.
周末玛丽硬把孩子们交给母亲照料。
He inflicted a heavy blow on the back of her head.
他猛击她的后脑勺。
I am sorry to have to inflict my company upon you.
对不起, 我不得不打扰你下。
Zoya heroically bore the torture that the Fascists inflicted upon her.
卓娅英勇地承受法西斯匪徒加在她身上的酷刑。
He was charged with maliciously inflicting grievous bodily harm.
他被控蓄意严重伤害他人身体。
his injuries were inflicted by the frolics of a young filly.
匹嬉闹的小母马使他受了伤。
British workers had been gulled into inflicting poverty and deprivation upon themselves.
英国的工人受到欺骗而使自己遭受贫困和剥削。
Tranmere Rovers went nap to inflict a heavy 5–1 defeat on West Ham.
特兰梅尔流浪者队大获全胜，5比1重西汉姆联队。
I won't inflict myself on you today. I can see you are too busy to listen to my complaints.
我今天不给你添麻烦了, 我知道你太忙, 没时间听我诉说。
They claimed that he had inflicted bad fortune on them through evil magic.
他们声称他运用了恶毒的魔法使他们遭受不幸。
声明：以上例句、词性分类均由互联网资源自动生成，部分未经过人工审核，其表达内容亦不代表本软件的观点；若发现问题，欢迎向我们指正。
用户正在搜索
ethoxybenzene, ethoxybenzidine, ethoxy-benzoin, ethoxybenzoyl, ethoxybiphenyl, ethoxybutamoxane, ethoxycaffeine, ethoxycarbonyl, ethoxy-crotonate, ethoxy-ethanol,
相似单词
inflexibility, inflexible, inflexibly, inflexion, inflexional, inflict, inflictable, inflicter, infliction, inflictive,