完成答题
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共题,正确题,错题
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Section A
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Q.1- A. Weird.
- B. Efficient.
- C. Tolerant.
- D. Toxic.
解析
解析:问题为How does the woman describe her previous company's culture? 这位女士是如何描述她以前公司文化的?留意前半部分女士关于前司文化的回答,可定位至这句:it creates a toxic culture of brilliant jerks that drives people out and erodes itself from within. a toxic culture(有毒的文化)即为关键词,选D。本题考查细节。
Q.2- A. They are arrogant.
- B. They are ignorant.
- C. They are ambitious.
- D. They are accommodating.
解析
解析:问题为What does the man say about his company's managers? 这位男士是如何评价他公司的管理人员的?在上一句女士回答之后,男士的回复就提到他公司的经理(管理人员):My company's managers tend to be accommodating and kind, overlooking mistakes or issues so as not to hurt feelings. “我公司的经理们通常都很包容和善良,他们会忽略错误或某些问题,以免伤害感情。”D项相符,arrogant(自大的)、ignorant(无知的)、ambitious(有野心的)均与原文意思不符。
Q.3- A. They can think big.
- B. They can air their views.
- C. They can break conventions.
- D. They can work flexible hours.
解析
解析:问题为What does the woman say the employees in her new company can do? 这位女士说她新公司的员工能做什么?先扫读四个选项,分别为think big(大胆想象)、air their views(各抒己见)、break conventions(打破常规)、work flexible hours(弹性工作时间)。再来听原文,女士在之后的回答中提到:Employees have the power to speak up, give feedback, disagree and discuss problems in real time. 即指新公司员工有权力大声说话,提供反馈,提出不同意见,并实时讨论问题。对比四个选项,推出B项意思恰好相符,air可做动词,表“使公开,宣扬”,air one's view指“公开发表意见”,也是原文意思的概括回答。其他三项均与文意不符。本题不只考查大家对文意的理解,同时也考查对文本的归纳能力。
Q.4- A. It can alter people's mindsets.
- B. It can lead to new discoveries.
- C. It enables people to learn and grow.
- D. It is conducive to critical thinking.
解析
解析:问题为What does the man say about constructive feedback? 关于建设性的反馈,这位男士是怎么说的?四个选项的大意分别为alter people's mindset(改变心态)、new discoveries(新发现)、to learn and grow(学习和成长)、conducive to critical thinking(有利于批判性思维)。接下来重点关注原文中男士对constructive feedback的相关回答,可定位至这句:Constructive feedback, after all, is how we learn and grow. 在男士看来,建设性的反馈毕竟是我们学习和成长的方式。可推断C项意思相符。其后又说到It's the basis for healthy parenting, lasting friendships, career development, and so much more. 建设性反馈是健康育儿、持久友谊、职业发展以及其他许多方面的基础。这是相关的全部信息。其他三项的意思均与原文不符。在本题中,enables people to learn and grow为原文is how we learn and grow的同义替换。这类情况在四六级听力题中很常见,需要同学们注重加强自己对英语表达运用的把控能力。
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Q.5- A. He kept looking for the best place to stay.
- B. He met many tourists from other counties.
- C. He had a great time sightseeing and relaxing.
- D. He managed to visit a different city each day.
解析
解析:问题为What does the man say about his holiday? 文中男士对他的假期是怎么说的?四个选项分别为kept looking for the best place to stay(找最好的住处)、met many tourists from other counties(碰到其他国家的游客)、had a great time sightseeing and relaxing(享受观光休闲)、visit a different city each day(每天逛不同城市)。男士具体是怎么说的?来听原文开头,他提到But I found myself moving from one accommodation to another, trying to find the perfect place...Instead of relaxing, I was looking for the best spot. 男士一直在寻找最佳、最完美的地点,而非休闲,排除C项,得出A项意思相符。B、D项在原文未提及。同样考查细节,每篇的第一题多为细节题。
Q.6- A. Prioritize what is essential to their best advantage.
- B. Stretch out the process in search of the optimal.
- C. Deliberate the consequences that may occur.
- D. Take all relevant factors into consideration.
解析
解析:问题为What does the woman say people tend to do when making decisions? 这位女士说,人们在做决策时往往会做什么?四个选项分别为Prioritize what is essential(优先考虑最重要的)、Stretch out the process in search of the optimal(延长过程,寻找最优)、Deliberate the consequences(考虑后果)、Take all relevant factors into consideration(考虑所有相关因素)。来听原文,之后女士就提到了人们决策的情形:Essentially, we have this tendency to keep stretching out the decision-making process. Because as human beings, we are hard-wired to optimize. 指人们有不断延长决策过程的倾向,因为人们天生需要优化(希望得到最好的)。四个选项中恰好只有B项与这段文意是最相符的,其他三项都没能点出延长过程寻找最优的关键信息。optimal是optimize的形容词形式,the optimal指最优的事物。注意掌握这类的多种词性转换,在词汇掌握上打好基础。
Q.7- A. Time pressure.
- B. Tight budget.
- C. Modern technology.
- D. Fierce competition.
解析
解析:问题为What has made decision-making increasingly difficult? 是什么让决策变得越来越困难?来听之后男士的话:But I think thanks to technology, we can make comparisons more easily...We keep looking over and return to the same options again and again. 指出技术的发展使得我们更容易进行比较,从而不断翻阅,一次次回到相同选项。换言之,决策过程拉长,决策变得困难。而造成这一情况的原因就在于技术发展,C项相符。其他三项与原文不符。本题考查大家的推理能力。
Q.8- A. Research as many different options as possible.
- B. Avoid going over the same options repeatedly.
- C. Focus on what is practical.
- D. Trust their gut instinct.
解析
解析:问题为 According to the woman, what should people do when making important decisions? 根据这位女士的说法,人们在做重要决定时应该怎么做?末尾倒数第二句,女士指出:What you need to do is research — have a process, invest time exploring your options, and eliminate as many things as you can. 你需要做的是研究——有一个过程,投入时间来探索你的选择,并尽可能多地排除一些东西。抓住research这个关键词,推出A项意思最为相符。B项“避免重复做同样的选择”虽然在原文也有提到,但这并不是做的重点。C、D项意思均不符。在做题时注重边听边记笔记,培养自己把控关键词的能力。
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Section B
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Q.9- A. It is beneficial to poor as well as rich communities.
- B. It is conducive to children's future development.
- C. It is welcome to parents but not to children.
- D. It is not of much help to younger children.
解析
解析:问题为What did the 2006 research find about homework? 2006 年的研究对家庭作业有什么发现?定位至这句:A 2006 research paper suggested...but not so much for younger kids. 可知,研究表明,中学生的家庭作业量与未来的学业成绩之间存在某种相关性,但对于年幼的孩子来说则不然。D项相符,其他三项不符。
Q.10- A. It may put some students in remote areas at a disadvantage.
- B. It gives the majority of students ready access to their teachers.
- C. It effectively improves the learning quality of students in rural areas.
- D. It can bridge the learning gap between kids of different backgrounds.
解析
解析:问题为What do experts think of homework requiring Internet access? 专家们如何看待需要上网的家庭作业?由原文中这句:Studies found that in remote areas the poor quality or lack of Internet access can put students at a disadvantage, because 70% of teachers in these areas assign homework that requires Internet access. 可知,上网的作业会使在偏远地区的学生处于不利地位,因为地方互联网质量差或缺乏。A项意思相符,再来看其他三项的意思均为褒义,明显与原文的态度相反,所以排除。
Q.11- A. Diligent students tend to do their homework independently.
- B. The focus of homework should always be on school subjects.
- C. Doing homework exerts a positive effect on kids' personality development.
- D. The benefits of doing home work vary widely from individual to individual.
解析
解析:问题为What conclusion could be drawn from the study in Germany? 从德国的研究中可以得出什么结论?定位至原文最后一句:A study in Germany found that homework could have an effect on students' personalities, suggesting that doing homework might help kids to become more conscientious and independent learners. 由此可知,德国研究发现,家庭作业可能会影响个性,做作业可能帮助孩子们成为更自觉和独立的学习者。排除A项,文中并没有特指diligent students。B项未提及,D项说“做作业的好处因人而异”,这在原文中也未表示,故都排除。C项指出“做作业对孩子个性发展有积极影响”,正是原文意思的归纳,符合文意。
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Q.12- A. It was something he apologized for later.
- B. It was ridiculed by the New York Times.
- C. It was a forty-nine-year plan.
- D. It was considered visionary.
解析
解析:问题为What do we learn about Goddard's idea of using rockets for space exploration? 我们对戈达德利用火箭进行太空探索的想法有什么了解?关注原文开头,就提到了Robert Goddard的生平。Like many visionaries, the young scientist encountered numerous skeptics. 指出Goddard遇到了许多质疑者,也就是说他的想法是遭人质疑的。排除D项说“被认为有远见”,是与文意相反的。继续听原文,定位到这句:In January 1920, the New York Times ridiculed Goddard's theory that rockets could be utilized for space exploitation. 可知,《纽约时报》嘲笑Goddard的理论,契合B项。之后又提到:49 years later, Apollo 11 reached the moon, and the famed newspaper published an apology to Goddard. 也就是说49年后纽约时报发表对Goddard的道歉。由此排除A、C项,与文意不符。本题选B。
Q.13- A. It was of great significance to rocket science.
- B. It was completed in the state of New Mexico.
- C. It was somehow delayed about 12 minutes.
- D. It failed due to a sudden change of weather.
解析
解析:问题为What does the passage say about Goddard's first rocket launch? 关于戈达德的第一次火箭发射,这篇文章是怎么说的?注意听原文之后即开始描述第一次火箭发射的情况。Goddard launched his first rocket from an aunt's farm in his native Massachusetts in March 1926. B项不符,并非新墨西哥州。It scaled an altitude of only 12 meters. C项不符,12说的是高度,而不是延迟12分钟。D项也不符,原文并没有指出这项任务由于天气失败。之后原文点出:Nonetheless, it was a milestone in rocket science. 这是火箭科学的一个里程碑。A项意思即是其同义替换,契合原文。
Q.14- A. A laboratory and test range was already set up there.
- B. Its climate was ideal for year-round rocket launching.
- C. A weather expert invited him to go there for his mission.
- D. Its remote valleys were appealing to him and his family.
解析
解析:问题为Why did Goddard move to New Mexico? 为什么戈达德会搬到新墨西哥州?继续往后听原文,可定位至关于新墨西哥州的这句:Goddard later consulted with a weather expert and determined that the climate of New Mexico was ideal for year-round rocket launches. In 1930, Goddard and his family relocated there...可知戈达德咨询后确定新墨西哥州的气候非常适合全年的火箭发射,所以搬到了那里。B项意思完全相符,其他三项都不是搬迁的原因。
Q.15- A. He won an award from the US government for his work.
- B. He gained recognition from rocket scientists worldwide.
- C. He was granted over 200 patents in rocket technology.
- D. He boosted the military strength of the United States.
解析
解析:问题为What does the passage say about Goddard's achievements? 这段话对戈达德的成就是怎么说的?之后原文的这句:the ambitious scientist received negligible support from the government. 也就是说,这位科学家从政府那里得到的支持微乎其微。由此可先排除A项,他并没有获得政府奖项。之后的内容并未提到他获得了全球火箭科学家的认可,B项不符。Goddard was never able to interest the US military in rocket-propelled weapons. 他从未让美国军方对火箭推进武器感兴趣。那么增强美国军事实力更是无稽之谈。仅剩C项,与原文最后一句契合:He was granted over 200 patents. C项正确。
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Section C
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.
Q.16- A. It requires entrepreneurial experience.
- B. It is usually financially rewarding.
- C. It can be quite frustrating.
- D. It can be rather risky.
解析
解析:问题为What does the speaker say about working for a new venture? 关于为新企业工作,发言者是怎么说的?定位至原文第一句:Working for a new venture comes with a lot of risks — that is, instability, unclear responsibilities, and the need to be a master of all trades. 即指为一家新企业工作会带来很多风险,抓住关键词a lot of risks。四项中仅有D项指出risky,与原文意思相符。其他三项均不符。
Q.17- A. It contributes to rapid business expansion.
- B. It inspires willingness to make sacrifices.
- C. It reduces conflict among team members.
- D. It encourages creation and innovation.
解析
解析:问题为What has science demonstrated regarding the positive culture of a new venture? 关于新企业的积极文化,科学证明了什么?在之后的原文中寻找关键信息,可在这两句中锁定:Science has already done a good job of proving the results that follow. These include better processes, great team cohesion, reduced conflict, and sharper alertness. 可知,科学证明了这种积极文化促进了更好的流程,巨大的团队凝聚力,冲突的减少,以及更敏锐的警觉性。对比四个选项,只有C项与原文意思相符,其他三项都与促进的因素无关。因此选C。
Q.18- A. They have unrealistic expectations.
- B. They often work without any pay.
- C. Few can find willing investors.
- D. Many are idealistic dreamers.
解析
解析:问题为What does the speaker say about entrepreneurs at the initial stage of a new venture? 发言者对处于新企业初始阶段的创业者是怎么说的?之后的原文大段都在阐释创业团队的三个阶段,与题干无关,可略过。定位原文末尾句:On many occasions, the entrepreneurs reported not paying themselves a wage at all initially in order to cover salaries and expenses. 说明创业者为了支付工资和开支,他们最初根本不给自己发薪水。对比四个选项,只有B项恰好相符,其他三项中的unrealistic expectation、willing investors、idealistic dreamers均为提及。本题选B。
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.
Q.19- A. They have better dietary habits.
- B. They bear fewer social responsibilities.
- C. They are born with a stronger ability to socialize.
- D. They are better able to survive or handle disease.
解析
解析:问题为What do we learn about the possible reason why women tend to live longer? 我们对女性倾向于长寿的可能原因有什么了解?在原文的前半部分说到女性寿命往往更长的时候,指出这句:No one is really certain of the reason for this, although the speculation centers around the idea that women are more capable of surviving or handling disease than men. 可知,人们大多猜测是因为女性比男性更有能力生存或处理疾病。D项正确,其他三项均不符。
Q.20- A. They have a limited reproductive ability.
- B. They depend on adequate sleep to thrive.
- C. They keep dividing throughout one's life.
- D. They strengthen with regular exercise.
解析
解析:问题为What is the recent discovery about human cells? 关于人类细胞的最新发现是什么?继续往后听原文,从这两句It was only uncovered in relatively recent times that older people's cells divide a smaller number of times than younger people's. Only cancer cells, in fact, are capable of dividing forever. 可知,有发现老年人细胞分裂次数比年轻人少,且只有癌细胞能永久分裂。由此排除C项,细胞无法在一生中都在分裂。接下来这句Human cells have a limited reproductive ability.可直接锁定答案,A项正确。之后又提到we can postpone the eventual stop of cells' dividing through nutrition, exercise, good sleep,可以通过营养、运动、良好的睡眠来推迟细胞分裂的最终停止,B、D项虽然含带出现的关键词,但所表达的意思并没有和原文相符。所以本题A项为正确答案。
Q.21- A. The process of ageing can ultimately be brought under control.
- B. Improved health care for the elderly will contribute to longevity.
- C. Prevention of heart disease and stroke will increase life expectancy.
- D. The resolution of age related diseases will solve the mystery of ageing.
解析
解析:问题为What do many public health policymakers believe? 许多公共卫生政策制定者相信什么?在原文中寻找对应信息,可定位至:Many public health policymakers believe that the resolution of age-associated disease will tell us something fundamental about the aging process. 他们相信,解决与年龄相关的疾病将告诉我们关于衰老过程的一些基本情况。对比四个选项,排除前三项,在原文未涉及。D项指出“解决与年龄相关的疾病可以解开衰老奥秘”,就原文信息的同义替换。因此选D。
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.
Q.22- A. They are reluctant to follow instructions.
- B. They fail to answer emails promptly.
- C. They cannot understand directives.
- D. They do not show due respect.
解析
解析:问题为Why are managers often frustrated with their employees? 为什么管理者经常对他们的员工感到沮丧?原文开头便能找到关键信息:Much to their frustration, managers often struggle to get their staff to comply with even simple instructions. 可知让经理们沮丧的是,他们常常很难让员工遵守即使是简单的指示。A项正确,后三项与文意无关。
Q.23- A. They have not been trained to follow the rules.
- B. They are not satisfied with the management.
- C. They want to avoid unnecessary losses.
- D. They find their voice go unheeded.
解析
解析:问题为Why do employees sometimes disobey procedures intentionally? 为什么员工有时会故意不遵守程序?之后原文就说到了原因:Occasionally, it's because they're pressured to finish in a short time. At other times, they may disagree with the spirit of the procedure... 可知,原因一部分在于被迫短时间完成工作的压力,一部分在于不同意程序的内涵。接着来对比四个选择,会发现都没有完全对应这两个意思的选项。需要多考虑推理一步,A项意思无关,B项“对管理不满意”很可能为文意的概括性表达,C、D项同样为无关项。因此选B。
Q.24- A. When they are on good terms with their managers.
- B. When they find their job goals easily attainable.
- C. When they find their supervisors helpful.
- D. When they are financially motivated.
解析
解析:问题为When are employees more likely to follow instructions according to the researchers? 根据研究人员的说法,什么时候员工更有可能遵循指示?先大致理解四个选项,再来听原文。定位至这句:That last statement was the most instructive because, as the researchers found, there was a remarkably strong correlation between how helpful supervisors were perceived to be and how likely their employees were to follow their directors. 可得关键信息:helpful supervisors正好与C项契合,原文指出研究人员发现,主管被认为有多大的帮助和员工有多大可能服从领导之间存在明显关联。换言之,即当他们发现主管可以有很大的帮助时,则更可能服从。A、B、D项的意思在原文并未提及。因此本题选C。
Q.25- A. They are a useless tool for managers to change employee behavior.
- B. They prove to be a good means for managers to give instructions.
- C. They should be reserved for urgent communication.
- D. They are seldom used for sharing confidential data.
解析
解析:问题为What does the speaker say about emails? 发言人对电子邮件是怎么说的?根据原文,可定位至最后两句:...managers shouldn't keep resending emails. They are an effective tool for the sharing of data and reports, but they are a hopeless tool if what a manager's desiring is a change in behavior. 可知,在发言人看来,管理者不应该一直重发电子邮件,邮件是分享数据和报告的有效工具,它无益于管理者改变行为。A项意指对于改变员工行为是无用的工具,正好与文意相符。后三项在原文均未提及,故排除。本题选A。