完成答题
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共题,正确题,错题
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Section A
Questions 1-4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Q.1- A. Driving test.
- B. A video game.
- C. Traffic routes.
- D. Cargo logistics.
解析
解析:问题为What are the speakers mainly talking about? 说话人主要在谈论什么?考查主题。来听原文,在第一句中就可锁定关键信息:This is unbelievable, unlike any video game I've ever played before. 这太不可思议了,和我以前玩过的所有电子游戏都不一样。可推测,说话人接下来要谈论的将围绕这款电子游戏展开。之后提到driving simulator是驾驶模拟器的意思,与驾考无关,因此排除A项。C、D项所指(交通路线、货运物流)也并非主题,故排除。本题正确答案为B。
Q.2- A. He found it instructive and realistic.
- B. He bought it when touring Europe.
- C. He was really drawn to his other versions.
- D. He introduced it to his brother last year.
解析
解析:问题为What does the man say about the driving simulator? 关于驾驶模拟器,男士说了什么?在原文男士谈论模拟器相关的内容寻找信息:My brother introduced it to me last year. I was surprised to find how educational and realistic it was. 去年我哥哥介绍给我的。当时我很惊讶,发现它那么有教育意义,又如此逼真。排除意思相反的D项,A项符合原文意思。B、C项为无关项。本题正确答案为A。
Q.3- A. Traveling all over the country.
- B. Driving from one city to another.
- C. The details in the driving simulator.
- D. The key role of the logistics industry.
解析
解析:问题为What does the woman say she really appreciates? 女士说她非常欣赏什么?继续往后听原文,关注两人在谈论模拟器游戏时女士说的观点。可以定位至这句:But I really appreciate all the details that go into the game. 也就是说,女士欣赏的是这款游戏中的所有细节。C项意思相符,而其他三项的意思并不是女士所欣赏的。因此本题选C。
Q.4- A. Clearer road signs.
- B. More people driving safely.
- C. Strict traffic rules.
- D. More self-driving trucks on the road.
解析
解析:问题为What outcome does the woman expect from the driving simulator? 女士期待驾驶模拟器能带来什么结果?关注原文末尾女士说的话,可以定位至最后一句:But if it results in more drivers looking both ways before entering an intersection, I'd say that's a positive outcome. 从这句可知,女士期待模拟器可以引导更多司机在驶入十字路口前左右看看。观察4个选项,发现没有选项和原文字面意思完全对应,需要进一步理解和归纳。A项“更清晰的路标”、C项“严格的交通规则”、D项“更多无人驾驶卡车”都与女士的期待无关。只有B项“让更多人安全驾驶”是女士的言下之意,是“引导更多司机在驶入十字路口前左右看看”的归纳总结。因此本题选B。
Questions 5-8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Q.5- A. It isn't so enjoyable as he expected.
- B. It isn't motivating as he believed.
- C. It doesn't enable him to earn much money as he used to.
- D. It doesn't seem to offer as much freedom as he anticipated.
解析
解析:问题为What does the man say about his life of being self-employed? 男士如何评价他的创业生活?原文开头,男士就评价了自主创业:here are obvious benefits, though I don't seem to have the freedom I anticipated, as I just don't seem able to decline work offers. 可知,在他看来,自主创业有很多明显好处,但他好像并没有获得预期的自由。D项的意思与其相符,而其他三项在原文中并未指明,为无关项。因此本题选D。
Q.6- A. Not all of them care about their employees' behaviors.
- B. Few of them are aware of their employee's feelings.
- C. Few of them offer praise and reward to their employees.
- D. Not all of them know how to motivate their employees.
解析
解析:问题为What does the man say about managers? 男士如何评价经理?在听原文时,重点关注男士谈论经理相关的内容,可知在女士表示经理可以激励员工后,男士指出:Not every manager behaves with such awareness and care, of course. And certainly not all managers have a clue how to motivate people. 不是每位经理都有这样做的意识和热心。也并不是所有的经理都知道如何激励员工。先排除B、C项,这两项的意思与男士观点明显不符。A项中的“care about their employees' behaviors”在原文也并未指明,而重点关键词还是在“motivate”。D项与男士观点完全相符,因此本题选D。
Q.7- A. Job satisfaction.
- B. Self-esteem.
- C. Autonomy.
- D. Money.
解析
解析:问题为What do both speakers value most about self-employment? 对于创业,两位说话人最看重的是什么?继续听原文,可以锁定到女士的这句:The motivator I value most is autonomy. 即指,她最看重的动力是自主性。随后男士表示同意:Yes. I need to remind myself that I selected this lifestyle for the independence. 男士指出选择这种生活方式是为了独立。C项autonomy为正确答案。
Q.8- A. The importance of cultivating close relationship with clients.
- B. The need for getting recommendations from their managers.
- C. The advantages of permanent full-time employment.
- D. The way to explore emplyees' interest talents.
解析
解析:On what point does the man agree with the woman? 在下列哪一点上,男士同意女士的看法?扫读四个选项,简单归纳下它们的关键意思,A项与“客户建立密切联系”,B项“得到经理的推荐”,C项“永久全职工作优势”,D项“发掘员工兴趣及才能的方式”。接着再来听原文,在末尾处锁定这几句:Relatedness is inevitably cultivated via human interaction. engaging with clients, getting written testimony and recommendations, staying in contact with clients afterwards...You're right. That's an area I do need to put some more effort into, building closer relationships with those who engage my services and skills. 可知,两人都同意的是“和客户建立紧密的关系是非常必要的”,A项相符。原文仅是指通过与客户的交往取得推荐,并非经理推荐,所以B项不符。并没有涉及永久全职工作优势的内容,排除C项。D项同样也是无关项。因此本题选A。
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Section B
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Q.9- A. Consumers visualize their activities in different weather.
- B. Good weather triggers consumers' desire to go shopping.
- C. Weather conditions influence consumers' buying behavior.
- D. Consumers' mental states change with the prices of goods.
解析
解析:问题为What do we learn about the findings of the new study? 关于这项新研究的发现,我们了解到了什么?先归纳四个选项,A项“消费者想象在不同天气下的活动”,B项“好天气激发购物欲望”,C项“天气影响购买行为”,D项“心理状态随商品价格而改变”。文章开头就谈到了天气,从第二句中能获取到关键信息:Now a new study reveals how sunny and snowy conditions influence consumer behavior. 这项新研究揭示了晴朗和下雪的天气状况如何影响消费者行为。C项意思相符。A、B、D项并不是新研究所发现的,在原文也并未提及。因此本题选C。
Q.10- A. Active consumption.
- B. Direct correlation.
- C. Individual association.
- D. Mental visualization.
解析
解析:问题为What does the passage say may increase the value of products for consumers? 文中说什么可能增加产品对于消费者的价值?从原文这两句可以获知关键信息:Those weather conditions trigger consumers to mentally visualize using products associated with the respective weather. This leads to consumers placing a higher value on those products. 也就是说,能让消费者给这些产品赋予更高的价值的,是他们脑海中关于产品使用对应天气的想象。即D项的mental visualization(心理想象)。而其他三项都与visualize(v. 想象)这个关键词无关。因此本题选D。
Q.11- A. Enabling them to simplify their mathematical formulas.
- B. Helping them determine what to sell and at what price.
- C. Enabling them to sell their products at a higher price.
- D. Helping them advertise a greater variety of products.
解析
解析:问题为How can the findings of the new study benefit online sellers according to the researchers? 据研究人员说,这项新研究的发现如何能使线上商家受益?针对新研究发现对线上商家的影响,往后听原文,可以在末尾锁定关键信息:Online sellers often use complex mathematical formulas to determine what products to feature and how to price those products. Incorporating more data about weather would allow them to make better decisions. 即可知,新研究所发现的天气数据可以让商家更好地决定主推哪些产品以及它们的定价。四个选项中只有B项与其相符,其他三项包括简化数学公式、高价买商品、宣传更多种类商品都与原文线上商家的受益不符。因此本题选B。
Questions 12-15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Q.12- A. A naturally ventilated office is more comfortable.
- B. A cool office will boost employees' productivity.
- C. Officer air-conditioning should follow guidebooks.
- D. Air-conditioning improves ventilation in the office.
解析
解析:问题为What is the accepted wisdom concerning the office environment? 对于办公室环境,人们公认的看法是什么?the accepted wisdom意指“公认的判断或是看法”。来听原文开头,首先指出了在办公室设有空调,使员工摆脱夏季炎热,从而提高员工绩效。从这句话中也能锁定到关键信息:But recent studies have challenged the accepted wisdom that a cool office is more productive. 也就是说公认的看法是a cool office is more productive. (凉爽的办公室里工作效率更高。)B项的意思与其相符,其他三项都与“提高员工效率”无关。因此本题选B。
Q.13- A. People in their comfort zone of temperature are more satisfied with their productivity.
- B. People in different countries vary in their tolerance to uncomfortable temperatures.
- C. Twenty-two degrees is the optimal temperature for office workers.
- D. There is a range of temperature for people to feel comfortable.
解析
解析:问题为What did researchers find from their review of all studies relating to air-conditioning and productivity? 回顾所有关于空调和工作效率的研究后,研究者发现了什么?继续往后寻找关键信息,可锁定至:Researchers conducted a review of all studies relating to air-conditioning and productivity. They found that 22 degrees was probably a little chilly, even at the height of summer. For a person dressed in typical summer clothing, an optimal range would be between 23 and 26 degrees. 意指,研究人员在进行回顾后发现,即使在盛夏22度可能也有点冷,而对于穿着典型夏季服装的人来说,最佳温度范围应该在23~26 度之间。由此先排除C项,与原文意思恰好相反。而A、B项均为无关项。只有D项相符,为正确答案。
Q.14- A. It will have no negative impact on work.
- B. It will be immediate noticeable.
- C. It will sharply decrease work efficiency.
- D. It will cause a lot of discomfort.
解析
解析:What do we learn about using a little less air-conditioning during hot weather? 在炎热天气里把空调开小一点会怎么样?重点寻找原文中调小空调温度相关的内容,可以锁定至:But there is a range of at least 3 to 4 degrees, which does not have any adverse impact...It was only at the extreme ends of the temperature range where people's productivity suffered. 这一段没有直接回答题干问题,但充分理解问题,可推断,将空调温度调高或调低在3~4度范围内不会产生不良影响,只有调整范围到极端值,工作效率才会收到影响。观察四个选项只有A项的意思契合文意,其他三项均错误。本题选A。
Q.15- A. They tend to favor lower temperatures.
- B. They suffer from rapid temperature change.
- C. They are not bothered by temperature extremes.
- D. They become less sensitive to higher temperatures.
解析
解析:问题为What happens when people are used to an air-conditioned envoronment? 当人们习惯了有空调的环境会发生什么?在原文末尾这句中可以找到关键信息:If they are used to the environment which is air-conditioned, they tend to prefer lower temperatures. 即指如果他们习惯了有空调的环境,那么他们往往喜欢更低的温度。A项意思相符,其他三项都不是人们习惯空调环境后会发生的情况,而且也不符合原文。因此本题选A。
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Section C
Questions 16-18 are based on the recording you have just heard.
Q.16- A. Their obsession with consumption.
- B. It ignored the fact that emotions are personal and subjective.
- C. It classified emotions simply as either positive or negative.
- D. It measured positive and negative emotions independently.
解析
解析:问题为What is one of the criticisms directed at the early research on solitude? 以下哪项是早期关于独处的研究所受到的一种批评?观察四个选项,归纳大意,A项“他们对消费的痴迷”,B项“忽略情绪的个性及主观性”,C项“仅把情绪简单分为积极和消极”,D项“独立测量积极和消极情绪”。至于哪项才是早期独处研究所不好之处需要批评的,来听原文,开头描述心理学研究对独处的发现,没有答案要点。而后从这句开始需要重点关注:Let's start by looking at the earlier research. It had a couple of shortcomings. 开始阐述早起独处研究的不足之处。First, it measured a motion on a scale from positive to negative, overlooking the possibility that our positive and negative emotions can fluctuate independently. Also, it categorized emotions as simply positive or negative. It didn't consider that emotions arouse us to different degrees, and that both positive and negative emotions can arouse us a lot or a little. 将这三句意思进行归纳,可推断出:不足之处其一在于研究仅认为情绪只在积极与消极之前切换,不存在高低起伏,其二在于仅把情绪分为积极和消极两类,不考虑情绪在人身上的表现程度不同。对比四个选项,只有C项正好相符,其他三项均为无关项。因此本题选C。
Q.17- A. Sitting alone without doing anything seemed really distressing.
- B. Solitude adversely affected the participants' mental well-being.
- C. Sitting alone for 15 minutes made the participants restless.
- D. Solitude had a reductive effective on high-arousal emotions.
解析
解析:What do we learn about the results of the new research? 关于这项新研究的结果,我们了解到什么?同样也是先归纳四个选项,A项“独坐而不干其他事看起来很痛苦”,B项“独处会对心理健康产生不良影响”,C项“独坐15分钟就会焦躁不安”,D项“独处可以降低高唤醒情绪”。对于新研究的结果,可以锁定至这句:The results were clear: after 15 minutes of solitude, the participants showed reductions in both types of emotion. 即指在独处对高唤醒情绪影响的新研究中,测出的结果是经过 15 分钟的独处后,参与者积极和消极情绪的唤醒状态都有所降低。由此排除C项,并没有指独处15分钟就会焦躁。A、B项也不符合文意。只有D项与原文相符,高唤醒情绪包括积极情绪中的兴奋和消极情绪中的愤怒,也就是说,对高唤醒情绪有降低的作用,原文的reductions和选项中的reductive effective对应。因此本题选D。
Q.18- A. It proved hard to depict objectively.
- B. It went hand in hand with sadness.
- C. It helped increase low-arousal emtions.
- D. It tended to intensify negative emotions.
解析
解析:问题为What did the second experiment in the new research find about solitude? 关于独处,这项新研究中的第二个实验有什么发现?在原文后半段中就有关于第二项实验研究内容,锁定这里:A second study measured the effects of solitude on low arousal emotions...That experiment found that all of these emotions were increased by time alone. 第二项实验发现,所有这些低唤醒情绪都会随着参与者独处时间的延长而增加。观察四个选项中有没有与之对应的,只有C项“独处有助于提升低唤醒情绪”是相符的。A项“很难客观描述”,B项“与悲伤密切相关”,D项“加剧消极情绪”都与原文不符。因此本题选C。
Questions 19-21 are based on the recording you have just heard.
Q.19- A. It uses up much less energy than it does in deep thinking.
- B. It remains inactive without burning calories noticeably.
- C. It continues to burn up calories to help us stay in shape.
- D. It consumes almost a quarter of the body's total energy.
解析
解析:问题为What do we learn about the brain when the body is at rest? 关于身体处于休息状态时的大脑,我们了解到什么?还是先扫读归纳四个选项,A项“消耗的能量比深度思考时小”,B项“保持不活动不燃烧卡路里”,C项“继续燃烧卡路里维持”,D项“消耗总能量的四分之一”。来听原文,开头以实例引入,提出过度思考是否能减肥的疑问后,从这句可以找到关键信息:when the body is at rest, we know that the brain use up a startling 20% to 25% of the body's overall energy. 可知,当身体处于休息状态时,大脑消耗的能量在身体总能量中的占比高达 20%~25% 之多。由此排除B项,意思相反。其他三个选项中只有D项相符,25%即四分之一。在做本题时需要充分掌握a quarter of的意思,并能进行简单的换算。A、C项也与原文不符,排除。因此本题选D。
Q.20- A. Much of the consumption has nothing to do with conscious activities.
- B. It has something to do with the difficulty of the activities in question.
- C. Energy usage devoted to active learning accounts for a big part of it.
- D. A significant amount of it is for performing difficult cognitive tasks.
解析
解析:问题为 What does the speaker say about the consumption of the brain's energy? 关于大脑的能量消耗,说话者说了什么?四个选项大意,A项“大部分消耗与有意识活动无关”,B项“与活动难度有关”,C项“用于主动学习而消耗的能量占多”,D项“一大部分用做执行困难认知任务”。在原文中段寻找相关信息。We're unconscious of most of what uses up the brain's energy. A lot of that activity is unrelated to conscious activities. 我们对于大部分消耗大脑能量的活动都是无意识的,那些活动很多都与有意识的活动无关。可知A项符合题意,应选A。
Q.21- A. It is believed to remain basically constant.
- B. It is a prerequisite for any mental activity.
- C. It is conducive to relieving mental exhaustion.
- D. It is thought to be related to food consumption.
解析
解析:问题为What do we learn about the overall energy availability in the brain? 关于大脑可用的总能量,我们了解到什么?四个选项大意,A项“被认为基本保持不变”,B项“是任何心理活动的先决条件”,C项“有利于缓解精神疲劳”,D项“被认为与食物消耗有关”。寻找原文中提到大脑可用总能量的内容,可以在这句中寻找到线索,when it comes to the whole brain's energy budget overall, these activities don't significantly alter it. 意指就整个大脑的能量平衡来说,这些认知任务并不能导致能量总和发生显著改变。可以再往下听,在说到国际象棋冠军因为变得太瘦而不能参加国际象棋比赛时,讲话人指出:it mostly comes down to stress and reduced food consumption, not mental exhaustion. 也就是说,食物摄取减少会导致体重下降。另外可推断出,食物摄取和精神疲惫与题干的大脑可用总能量无关,排除C、D项。再看A、B项,A项与原文意思是契合的,不会导致能量总和发生显著改变,就可理解为总能量基本保持不变。B项在原文并没有提及,无法判定总能量是心理活动的先决条件,也排除。因此本题选A。
Questions 22-25 are based on the recording you have just heard.
Q.22- A. Job candidates rarely take it seriously.
- B. Jobseekers tend to have a ready answer.
- C. Jobseekers often feel at a loss where to start in answering it.
- D. Job candidates can respond freely due to its, open-ended nature.
解析
解析:问题为What does the speaker say about the job interview question "tell me about yourself"? 关于"介绍一下你自己"这一面试问题,说话人讲了什么?先大致概括四个选项分别的意思:“求职者很少认真对待”、“有现成答案”、“不知道从哪答起”、“可自由回答”。来听原文,开头就提到了"Tell me about yourself"相关的信息,随后第二句说话人指出:the open-ended nature of this question often leaves job seekers at a loss where to start. 这个问题的开放性往往让求职者不知从何说起。C项意思相符,直接排除B项,求职者并没有现成答案。之后的说话内容则是对如何回答这个问题的进一步解释。It takes hard work and extensive preparation to answer this question well,即要回答好这个问题,需要下功夫和做大量的准备工作,也就可推断出,这个问题不可自由随意地回答,由此排除D项。另外,原文中并无“很少认真看待这一问题”的描述,A项也错误。因此,本题最恰当答案为C。
Q.23- A. Follow their career coaches' guidelines.
- B. Strive to take control of their narrative.
- C. Do their best to impress the interviewer.
- D. Repeat the information on their resume.
解析
解析:问题为What will most people do when they come to a job interview? 大多数人在参加面试时会做什么?细节题。继续往后听原文,可以锁定这两句When a person goes to a job interview, their interviewer has presumably read their résumé, so they don't need to repeat the information. But that's what most people will do as it's their instinct to recite things that are already on their résumé. 可知,大多数人在面试时还是会重复简历上已有的信息。D项“Repeat the information on their resume”完全相符。而其他三项在原文未提及。因此本题选D。
Q.24- A. To reflect on their past achievements as well as failure.
- B. To produce examples for different interview questions.
- C. To discuss important details they are going to present.
- D. To indentify a broad general strength to elaborate on.
解析
解析:问题为Why should job seekers talk with partners, friends and co-workers? 为什么求职者应该与伴侣、朋友、同事交谈?重点关注原文中关于“与与伴侣、朋友、同事交谈”的原因,锁定至这句:To come up with multiple career accomplishments or examples for different interview questions, job seekers should talk with others, especially people who know them—partners, friends, or co-workers. 注意这句的关键信息也就是原因在前,“与伴侣朋友交谈”的动作在后。在听原文中需要充分抓住并理解这句,避免遗留。从这句可推断,这样做的原因是“为不同的面试问题想出多种多样的职业成就或例子”,B项与其相符。其他三项均为无关项。因此本题选B。
Q.25- A. Getting acquainted with the human resources personnel.
- B. Finding out why the company provides the job opening.
- C. Figuring out what benefits the company is able to offer them.
- D. Tailoring their expectations to the company's long-term goal.
解析
解析:问题为What other important preparations should job seekers make before an interview? 面试之前,求职者还应该做哪些重要的准备?原文中说话人提到了面试需要注意的另一个要点:Secondly, candidates should know what's at stake for the company with this job opening. 求职者应该知道这个职位空缺对公司有什么利害关系。可以推断,答案很可能与the job opening相关,B项的意思是“找到职位空缺的原因”,正好与文意非常相符。再往后,说话人又指出:What job applicants ought to be looking for is what the company is up to, what they are trying to accomplish. 求职者应搜索如下信息:该公司是做什么的;他们想要完成什么目标。而这些信息点与其他三项的意思并不相符,也就是说求职者并不需要去熟悉人事部门,思考公司可以给自己带来什么好处,或是根据公司的长期目标来调整自己的期望。因此本题选B。