stipes

The differentiation  of its sporophore is bud—stipe—pileus differentiation—pileus mature—spore scatter.

灵实体分化过程，要经过菌芽—菌柄—菌盖分化—菌盖成熟—孢飞散。

Characteristics: Terrestrial ferns; stipes tuft, backlish at base; young fronds pinnaye with wider pinnae, when getting older, the fronds become bipinnate or tripinnatifid with slender pinnules.

地生，柄丛生，基部黑色；年轻一回羽状，老二回或三回羽状。