ONE of the first inklings that chemistry has an underlying pattern was the discovery, early in the 19th century, of lithium, sodium and potassium-known collectively as the alkali metals.

早在19世纪，化学潜在规律已有模糊认知之时，锂、钠、钾被发现，它同被称为。

You got your noble gases over here, and hydrogen, the building block of everything in the universe over here, you got your alkali metals and gold and other lovely regular metals in the middle here.

这里有稀有气体和氢，氢是宇宙万物的组成部分，而中间是、和其他可爱的规则。

India used to import the alkali metal from Australia and Argentina, but the first discovery of lithium deposits in the country will make India self-reliant in battery manufacturing.

印度过去常常从澳大利亚和阿根廷进口，但国首次发现锂矿藏将使印度在电池制造方面实现自力更生。

It took decades to tease out the truth of Debereiner's conjecture, and thus to construct the periodic table-in which the alkali metals form the first column.

科学家证实Debereiner猜想的正确性用了数十年的时间，也因此建立了元素周期表——组成了第一族。

Group one, if you put hydrogen aside, these are referred to as the alkali metals.

第一族，如果你把氢排除在外，这些元素被称为。

Let's go way to the other side with the alkali metals.

让我从的角度去探讨一下。

So we are going to go outside now, go get some even bigger reactions, with the alkali metals. This is a dog bowl which is stoneware, it is very hard, not likely to break, unless I drop it on my toes.

所以我现在要出去，做一些更大规模的反应。这是一个狗碗，是石质陶器，非常坚固，不容易碎，除非我把它掉到我的脚上。

Alkali metals want nothing more than to dump off an electron and form a positive ion, or cation.

只想释放电子并形成正离子或阳离子。

These alkali metals are very, very reactive.

这些非常非常活泼。

Next, you have the alkaline earth metals - reactive metals, but not as reactive as the alkali metals, forming cations with two positive charges instead of just one.

接下来，你有土 - 活泼， 但不像那样活泼，形成带有两个正电荷而不是一个正电荷的阳离子。

This one's a Dutch one. I was given it on Saturday So here you can see we have the alkali metals (And where are they? ) Here.

这个是荷兰的。 我星期六收到的。所以这里你可以看到我有（它在哪里？ ）在这里。

You have an alkali metal tie? It's a new tie I just got.

你有领带？这是我刚买到的新领带。

Well if you look at the period table, the people who want to give really badly-- and we've talked about this a good bit-- are the alkali metals.

看看元素周期表，那些非常想给出电子的元素——我之前已经讨论过这一点了——是。

The first two columns on the left are your alkali metals, and your alkaline earth metals.

左边的前两列分别是你的和土。

And the alkali metals are very reactive.

非常活泼。

In fact, they especially love to react with the alkali metals over here.

事实上，它特别喜欢与这些发生反应。

And hydrogen is not considered an alkali metal.

氢不被认为是。