And so he predicted germanium and he called it ekasilicon.

他预测了锗，并将其命名为“ekasilicon”。

To test this idea, he grew crystals of silicon that contained tiny particles of germanium in their lattices.

为了验证这个观点，他研制出了硅晶体，晶体的点阵之间含着细小的锗颗粒。

Trace amounts of water, silicon, germanium, or magnesium might also influence a diamond’s shape.

微量的水、硅、锗或镁也可能影响钻石的形状。

Kilby built his ICs out of germanium, a rare and unstable material.

基尔比用锗这种稀有且不稳定的材料制造了他的集成电路。

Most people thought germanium was the way to go.

大多数人认为锗最佳选择。

Based in an abandoned mine in Canada, SuperCDMS is designed to detect subtle collisions between light dark matter particles—including SIDM candidates—and atoms in silicon and germanium crystals.

SuperCDMS位于加拿大的一个废弃矿中，旨在检测轻暗物质粒子（包括SIDM候选粒子）与硅和锗晶体中的原子之间的微妙碰撞。

So, in Bell Labs in the States, they developed basically a tiny amplifier that could be made out of a single speck of silicon or germanium.

，在美国贝尔实验室，他们基本上开发了一种微型放大器，可以用单个硅或锗微粒制成。

They talked about gallium and germanium, which, you know, are pretty widely available and not so essential for so much of that supply chain.

他们谈到了镓和锗，你知道，它们的供应相当广泛， 但对于供应链的大部分环节来说并不重要。

You see, under normal conditions, the germanium used as the base for Bell Labs' transistor isn't conductive at all.

你看，在正常条件下，贝尔实验室的晶体管所使用的锗根本不导电。

So this is a small sample of germanium, named after Germany, so you can see the wonderful shiny surfaces.

所以这一个锗的小样本， 以德国命名，你可以看到其漂亮的闪亮表面。

Gallium and germanium may also be useful in electric vehicles, nuclear energy and other devices, including weapons.

镓和锗在电动汽车、核能及其他设备，包括武器中也可能发挥作用。

China supplies about 80% of the world's gallium and germanium.

中国供应了全球约80%的镓和锗。

So with germanium, that's about 0.75 electron volts.

所以对于锗，这个值大约0.75电子伏特。

Only when you add impurities to the germanium does it actually function as a conductor, and this is where Akio's knowledge in physics came in handy.

只有当你向锗中添加杂质时， 它才真正作为导体发挥作用，而这正盛田昭夫的物理知识派上用场的地方。

These could be a liquid noble gas, germanium and silicon crystals, a refrigerant, or other materials.

这些可能液态惰性气体、锗和硅晶体、制冷剂或其他材料。

America may source as much as 50% of its germanium supply from China, according to Jefferies, an investment bank.

据投资银行杰富瑞称，美国可能从中国获取高达50%的锗供应。

One, because it's not that germanium is a useless material and it's not present in technology or compound semiconductors.

一为锗并非无用的材料，它也存在于技术或化合物半导体中。

But on July 3rd it brought out a bigger gun, saying that it would impose export controls on gallium and germanium, two metals used in high-end semiconductors.

但到了7月3日，它拿出了更大的杀手锏，宣布将对用于高端半导体的两种金属——镓和锗——实施出口管制。