Many research teams are studying how to repair myelin in MS patients.

很多试验团队正在研究如何修复MS患者的髓磷脂。

Lipids also form the myelin that insulates the neurons in your brain and throughout your body, as well as the oil in your skin, and they provide the vital calorie content found in breast milk.

脂质还形成髓鞘，将大脑和全身的神经元以及皮肤中的油隔离开来，它们提供母乳中至关重要的卡路里含量。

The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis is supported by an MRI which shows multiple central nervous system lesions, called white matter plaques, since these regions tend to have lots of myelin.

诊断多发需要MRI的支持，显示多发的中枢神经系统损伤（白质斑），因为该处有大量髓鞘。

In particular, as you reach old age, the myelin sheath covering your axons wears down, and other neuronal structures degrade.

特别是，当你年纪大了以后，包裹轴突的髓鞘质会发磨损，其它的神经元结构也会衰退。

Schwannian stroma is a connective tissue from non-neuronal cells that forms myelin, which insulates the axons of the mature neurons.

Schwannian基质是一种来源于非神经元细胞的结缔组织，可形成髓鞘，使成熟神经元的轴突缘。

Myelin acts like insulation, just like on an electrical wire that helps the impulse travel more quickly.

髓鞘缘体，电线一样，帮助脉冲更快地传播。

As you repeat an action, a fatty tissue called myelin covers the axons of your neurons.

当你重复一个动作时，一种叫做髓鞘的脂肪组织覆盖在神经元的轴突上。

They can travel more quickly if the nerve is covered in myelin.

如果神经被髓鞘覆盖，它们可以更快地移动。

The problems included a decrease in the production of myelin.

包括髓磷脂产量的下降。

As a result, immune cells mistakenly attack and destroy the myelin sheath and this is called molecular mimicry, because from the perspective of the immune cells a host substance is mimicking a foreign protein.

因此，免疫细胞会错误地攻击、损伤髓鞘；由于自身物质和细胞外来蛋白具有相似抗原表位而导致免疫细胞攻击自身，被称为分子模拟。

Myelin speeds up nerve impulses, allowing actions associated with certain neurons to be performed with much less mental energy.

髓磷脂加快了神经冲动的速度，使得与某些神经元相关的动作可以用更少的精神能量来完成。

For example, some nociceptors are attached to fibers with slightly more conductive, fatty myelin than others.

例如，有些伤害感受器依附于神经纤维，会更具有传导作用，髓磷脂所富含的脂肪也更多一些。

So in transverse myelitis, there's inflammation that damages the myelin, as well as the rest of the neuron across a section of the spinal cord.

横贯脊髓炎意味着髓鞘的炎症损伤，影响一整个脊髓平面。

Absence of myelin sheath means that the nerve impulses become slow and sluggish.

失去髓鞘后，神经冲动传导会变得迟缓。

This myelin is produced by Schwann cells which are a group of cells that support neurons.

髓鞘质是施万细胞产的；施万细胞是支持神经的神经胶质细胞。

Early on in multiple sclerosis, the oligodendrocytes will heal and extend out new myelin to cover the neurons, which is a process called remyelination.

多发早期，少突胶质细胞可以自我修复，形成新髓鞘包裹住神经元，叫作髓鞘再。

To be clear, these bacteria and viruses don't directly damage the myelin sheath, instead it's thought that they have antigens on their surface that looks similar to the lipid in the myelin sheath.

需要说明的是，这些细菌或病毒并不直接损伤髓鞘，相反，它们的表面抗原类似于髓鞘的脂质。

Surrounding the axon is a myelin sheath, which is actually just insulation.

轴突周围是髓鞘，实际上只是缘层。

Neural fibers are wrapped in a fatty substance called myelin.

神经纤维被一种称为髓磷脂的脂肪物质所包裹。

When you learn something, you have to thicken up your myelin and your neurons.

当你学习东西时，你需要增厚你的髓鞘和神经元。