Nitric oxide activates the enzyme telomerase, which prevents telomere shortening.

氮氧化物能激活端粒酶，从而防止端粒缩短。

Without nitric oxide, you don't get activation of telomerase, telomeres shorten.

没有氮氧化物，端粒酶就无法激活，端粒会缩短。

So it was thanks to their plentiful telomerase that our pond scum critters never got old.

因此， 于它丰富的端粒酶，的池塘浮渣生物才不会变老。

So without nitric oxide, you have less telomere, telomerase enzyme, and that telomerase enzyme isn't functional.

因此，若缺乏氮氧化物， 端粒会减少，端粒酶酶活性也会降低， 导致该端粒酶功能失常。

Okay, so nitric oxide has an impact on the telomerase.

好的，所以氮氧化物端粒酶有影响。

But when we analyze the cells chemically we find something very interesting, a chemical in them, an enzyme called telomerase.

但细胞进行化学分析时， 发现了一些非常有趣的东西，它中的一种化学物质， 一种叫做端粒酶的酶。

But when we analyze these cells chemically, we find something very interesting, a chemical in them, an enzyme called telomerase.

但用化学方法分析这些细胞时，发现了一种非常有趣的化学物质，一种叫做端粒酶的酶。

But as long as that telomerase enzyme is active, it prevents the shortening of the very ends of the chromosome.

只要端粒酶这种酶保持活跃，它就能防止染色体末端缩短。

Someday we may be able to take any cell and keep it alive functioning and reproducing itself essentially forever through the use of telomerase.

有一天，也许能够利用端粒酶让任何细胞保持活力， 并使其永远自繁殖。

And when we removed our pond scum's telomerase, their telomeres ran down and they died.

去除池塘浮渣的端粒酶时，它的端粒就会流失并死亡。

As bits of the telomere break off from the end of the Chromosome, this chemical, this telomerase can rebuild it, can help reassemble the protective DNA, the telomere that the Chromosome has lost.

染色体末端的端粒脱落时，这种化学物质， 这种端粒酶可以重建它，帮助重新组装保护性 DNA，即染色体丢失的端粒。

So we understand at the DNA level, at the nuclear level, that nitric oxide co-localizes with estrogen receptor to allow for the cell to turn on transcription and translation of the telomerase enzyme.

所以从DNA层面和细胞核层面了解到，氮氧化物与雌激素受体共定位， 从而使细胞能够启动端粒酶基因的转录和翻译。

A study published just last year titled, The Effect of Meditation on Telomerase and Stem Cell, detailed the potential benefits meditation has on increasing telomerase activity and reducing oxidative stress that can damage telomeres.

去年发表的一项题为《冥想端粒酶和干细胞的影响》的研究，详细阐述了冥想可能带来的益处，包括提高端粒酶活性以及减少氧化应激端粒的损害。

And in the future we may have virtually immortal nerve cells and immortal skin cells of whatever because of these chemical, telomerase can keep the telomere on the ends of Chromosomes from getting any shorter.

并且在未来，于这些化学物质，端粒酶可以防止染色体末端的端粒变短，因此可能拥有几乎不朽的神经细胞和不朽的皮肤细胞。

And in the future we may have virtually immortal nerve cells and immortal skin cells or whatever, because this chemical, telomerase, can keep the telomeres on the ends of Chromosomes from getting any shorter.

将来，可能会拥有几乎永生的神经细胞和永生的皮肤细胞或其他细胞，因为这种化学物质，端粒酶，可以防止染色体末端的端粒变短。

Well, one of Dr. Epple's co-authors on the study, Dr. Elizabeth Blackburn, actually won the Nobel Prize for her discovery of telomerase, an enzyme that has the ability to potentially add length back on to our telomeres.

这项研究的合着者之一，伊丽莎白·布莱克本博士，因发现端粒酶而荣获诺贝尔奖。端粒酶一种酶，它具有为的端粒重新添加长度的潜力。