Researchers are now examining a different tack: blocking the vas deferens using compounds that combine to form a barrier that can later be removed.

使物来堵塞输精，这些物结在一起形成一道屏障，以后可以被移。

Another developed a sperm granuloma, which is basically a lump of sperm outside the vas deferens that could become painful.

另一个患上了精子芽肿，这基本上是输精外的一团精子，可能会变得疼痛。

For biosex males, there’s really only condoms and vasectomies, where a surgeon shuts the vas deferens tubes that let sperm travel up and out from the testicles.

对于 biosex 男性， 实际上只有避孕套和输精术，外科医生会关闭输精， 让精子从睾丸中向上游出。

But the procedure is largely irreversible: it involves stopping the flow of sperm from the testes by cutting conduits known as the vas deferens and sealing them or tying them off.

它包括通过割被称为输精的道来阻止精子从睾丸流出，并将它们密封或打结。