1.The diagnosis was established readily on IVU, cystoscopy, retrograde pyeloureterography or dye studies.
联合应用IVU、膀胱镜、逆行输尿管肾盂造影及染料染色检。
2.The main diagnostic methods included cystoscopy,retrograde ureteropyelography and ureteroscopy.24 patients received operation(with 5 surgical choices)and the 5 year survival rate was 59.1%.